ArticleJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism2014
Delayed progesterone treatment reduces brain infarction and improves functional outcomes after ischemic stroke: a time-window study in middle-aged rats.
Article in Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- A comprehensive meta-analysis of exogenous estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone in animal models of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.Biology of sex differences · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Female-specific neuroprotection after ischemic stroke by vitronectin-focal adhesion kinase inhibition.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2022Article
- Combination therapy for cerebral ischemia: do progesterone and noscapine provide better neuroprotection than either alone in the treatment?Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2022Article
- BYHW Decoction Improves Cognitive Impairments in Rats with Cerebral Microinfarcts via Activation of the PKA/CREB Pathway.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Stroke-Induced Peripheral Immune Dysfunction in Vitamin D-Deficient Conditions: Modulation by Progesterone and Vitamin D.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- Progesterone in the Brain: Hormone, Neurosteroid and Neuroprotectant.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Steroids in Stroke with Special Reference to Progesterone.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2019Review
- Progesterone Treatment Attenuates Glycolytic Metabolism and Induces Senescence in Glioblastoma.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- The Importance of Therapeutic Time Window in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
- A new era for stroke therapy: Integrating neurovascular protection with optimal reperfusion.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2018Review
- Co-Administration of Progesterone and Melatonin Attenuates Ischemia-Induced Hippocampal Damage in Rats.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2018Article
- Neuroprotective strategies for retinal disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2018Review
- Protective effects of D-Limonene against transient cerebral ischemia in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- A Role of Endogenous Progesterone in Stroke Cerebroprotection Revealed by the Neural-Specific Deletion of Its Intracellular Receptors.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2017Article
- Neurobehavioral testing in subarachnoid hemorrhage: A review of methods and current findings in rodents.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2017Review
- Progesterone induces neuroprotection following reperfusion-promoted mitochondrial dysfunction after focal cerebral ischemia in rats.Disease models & mechanisms · 2017Article
- Progesterone improves long-term functional and histological outcomes after permanent stroke in older rats.Behavioural brain research · 2016Article
- Progesterone Changes VEGF and BDNF Expression and Promotes Neurogenesis After Ischemic Stroke.Molecular neurobiology · 2016Article
- Progesterone protects endothelial cells after cerebrovascular occlusion by decreasing MCP-1- and CXCL1-mediated macrophage infiltration.Experimental neurology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We evaluated the neuroprotective effects of delayed progesterone (PROG) treatment against ischemic stroke-induced neuronal death, inflammation, and functional deficits. We induced transient focal cerebral ischemia in male rats and administered PROG (8 mg/kg) or vehicle intraperitoneally at 3, 6, or 24 hours post occlusion, subcutaneously 5 hours later and then every 24 hours for 7 days. Behavioral outcomes were evaluated over 22 days. Infarct size and other biomarkers of injury were evaluated by cresyl violet staining, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by immunofluorescence. Progesterone treatment started at 3 and 6 hours post occlusion significantly (P<0.05) improved behavioral performance at all time points (74.01%) and reduced infarction volume (61.68%) compared with vehicle. No significant difference was observed between the 3 and 6 hour PROG treatment groups. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and VEGF were upregulated in the PROG groups compared with vehicle. Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression was increased in the vehicle group but markedly lower in the PROG groups. Treatment delayed for 24 hours did not significantly improve functional outcomes or reduce infarction volume. We conclude that, under the right treatment conditions, PROG treatment delayed up to 6 hours can improve functional deficits and reduce brain infarction, possibly by modulating GFAP, VEGF, and MMP-9 expression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.