ArticlePharmaceutics2013
Surface engineering of liposomes for stealth behavior.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optimizing nucleic acid delivery using PF14 peptide and lipid nanoparticle systems.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Mitochondria-Targeted Nanotherapies in Aging Neurodegenerative Disorders: Emerging Prospects and Clinical Potential.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Novel Liposomal and Proliposomal Doxorubicin Formulations in Accordance with FDA Guidance.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- Aptamer-liposome targeted nanotherapeutics for cancer therapy: Bibliometric analysis, recent developments and future perspectives.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Genes and physiological strategies in bacterial antibiotic resistance.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Adenoviruses Encapsulated in PEGylated DOTAP-Folate Liposomes Are Protected from the Pre-Existing Humoral Immune Response.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Antibody-Nanoparticle Conjugates in Therapy: Combining the Best of Two Worlds.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Article
- The modification of conventional liposomes for targeted antimicrobial delivery to treat infectious diseases.Discover nano · 2025Review
- Enhancing Gene Therapy through Ultradeformable Vesicles for Efficient siRNA Delivery.Pharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Liposomal Formulations: A Recent Update.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Injectable Genetic Engineering Hydrogel for Promoting Spatial Tolerance of Transplanted Kidney in Situ.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Innovative Approaches to Enhancing the Biomedical Properties of Liposomes.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Targeted Liposomal Drug Delivery: Overview of the Current Applications and Challenges.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Chemical Reactivity of Membrane Lipids.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- Synergistic vesicle-vector systems for targeted delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Targeted Nano-Based Systems for the Anti-Obesity Agent's Delivery.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Nanomedicine in HNSCC therapy-a challenge to conventional therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Development of an apolipoprotein E mimetic peptide-lipid conjugate for efficient brain delivery of liposomes.Drug delivery · 2023Article
- Nanoliposomes for Controlled Release of Cannabinodiol at Relevant Gastrointestinal Conditions.ACS omega · 2023Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Liposomes are used as a delivery vehicle for drug molecules and imaging agents. The major impetus in their biomedical applications comes from the ability to prolong their circulation half-life after administration. Conventional liposomes are easily recognized by the mononuclear phagocyte system and are rapidly cleared from the blood stream. Modification of the liposomal surface with hydrophilic polymers delays the elimination process by endowing them with stealth properties. In recent times, the development of various materials for surface engineering of liposomes and other nanomaterials has made remarkable progress. Poly(ethylene glycol)-linked phospholipids (PEG-PLs) are the best representatives of such materials. Although PEG-PLs have served the formulation scientists amazingly well, closer scrutiny has uncovered a few shortcomings, especially pertaining to immunogenicity and pharmaceutical characteristics (drug loading, targeting, etc.) of PEG. On the other hand, researchers have also begun questioning the biological behavior of the phospholipid portion in PEG-PLs. Consequently, stealth lipopolymers consisting of non-phospholipids and PEG-alternatives are being developed. These novel lipopolymers offer the potential advantages of structural versatility, reduced complement activation, greater stability, flexible handling and storage procedures and low cost. In this article, we review the materials available as alternatives to PEG and PEG-lipopolymers for effective surface modification of liposomes.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.