ArticlePharmaceutics2012
SNEDDS Containing Poorly Water Soluble Cinnarizine; Development and in Vitro Characterization of Dispersion, Digestion and Solubilization.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Design, Optimization and Pharmacokinetic Profiling of BCS Class II Drug Loaded Oral Self Nanoemulsifying System.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- The Advancement of In Vitro Lipolysis: Two-Step Flow-Through Method for the Evaluation of Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Enhancing the Antiproliferative Activity of Perillyl Alcohol against Glioblastoma Cell Lines through Synergistic Formulation with Natural Oils.Current pharmaceutical design · 2024Article
- A Customized Screening Tool Approach for the Development of a Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS).AAPS PharmSciTech · 2021Article
- A comprehensive study of the basic formulation of supersaturated self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) of albendazolum.Drug delivery · 2021Article
- Solubility of Cinnarizine in (Transcutol + Water) Mixtures: Determination, Hansen Solubility Parameters, Correlation, and Thermodynamics.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A Non-Lipolysis Nanoemulsion Improved Oral Bioavailability by Reducing the First-Pass Metabolism of Raloxifene, and Related Absorption Mechanisms Being Studied.International journal of nanomedicine · 2020Article
- Comparisons of in vitro Fick's first law, lipolysis, and in vivo rat models for oral absorption on BCS II drugs in SNEDDS.International journal of nanomedicine · 2019Article
- Exploring the utility of the Chasing Principle: influence of drug-free SNEDDS composition on solubilization of carvedilol, cinnarizine and R3040 in aqueous suspension.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2019Article
- Article
- Influence of drug load and physical form of cinnarizine in new SNEDDS dosing regimens: in vivo and in vitro evaluations.The AAPS journal · 2017Article
- Oral bioavailability: issues and solutions via nanoformulations.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2015Review
- Recent advances in delivery systems and therapeutics of cinnarizine: a poorly water soluble drug with absorption window in stomach.Journal of drug delivery · 2014Review
- Bioavailability of cinnarizine in dogs: effect of SNEDDS loading level and correlation with cinnarizine solubilization during in vitro lipolysis.Pharmaceutical research · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDSs) were developed using well-defined excipients with the objective of mimicking digested SNEDDSs without the use of enzymes and in vitro lipolysis models and thereby enabling studies of the morphology and size of nanoemulsions as well as digested nanoemulsions by Cryo-TEM imaging and Dynamic Light Scattering. Four SNEDDSs (I-IV) were developed. Going from SNEDDS I to IV lipid content and solubility of the model drug cinnarizine decreased, which was also the case for dispersion time and droplet size. Droplet size of all SNEDDS was evaluated at 1% (w/w) dispersion under different conditions. Cinnarizine incorporation increased the droplet size of SNEDDSs I and II whereas for SNEDDSs III and IV no difference was observed. At low pH cinnarizine had no effect on droplet size, probably due to increased aqueous solubility and partitioning into the aqueous phase. Dispersion of the SNEDDSs in Simulated Intestinal Media (SIM) containing bile salts and phospholipids resulted in a decrease in droplet size for all SNEDDS, as compared to dispersion in buffer. Increasing the bile salt/phospholipid content in the SIM decreased the droplet sizes further. Mimicked digested SNEDDS with highest lipid content (I and II) formed smaller nanoemulsion droplet sizes upon dispersion in SIM, whereas droplet size from III and IV were virtually unchanged by digestion. Increasing the bile acid/phosphatidylcholine content in the SIM generally decreased droplet size, due to the solubilizing power of the endogenous surfactants. Digestion of SNEDDSs II resulted in formation of vesicles or micelles in fasted and fed state SIM, respectively. The developed and characterized SNEDDS provide for a better knowledge of the colloid phases generated during digestion of SNEDDS and therefore will enable studies that may yield a more detailed understanding of SNEDDS performance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.