ArticlePharmaceutics2012
Breakdown of the blood-ocular barrier as a strategy for the systemic use of nanosystems.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular vesicles in ophthalmology: innovations in diagnosis, therapy, and drug delivery.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Ocular surface inflammatory cytokines as a biomarker for retinopathy of prematurity.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Piperacillin/Tazobactam-Induced Bilateral Optic Disc Edema With Serous Retinal Fluid in a Young Female With Pelvic Abscess and Sepsis.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Review
- Revolutionizing Retinal Therapy: The Role of Nanoparticle Drug Carriers in Managing Vascular Retinal Disorders.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Orally administered fluorescein angiography for ultra-wide-field imaging: is a safe and effective modality across different age groups and fundus diseases?Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Overcoming Biopotency Barriers: Advanced Oral Delivery Strategies for Enhancing the Efficacy of Bioactive Food Ingredients.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Age-associated gadolinium leakage into ocular structures in patients with acute traumatic brain injury.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2024Article
- Unveiling the gut-eye axis: how microbial metabolites influence ocular health and disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Emphasis on Nanostructured Lipid Carriers in the Ocular Delivery of Antibiotics.Pharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2024Review
- Adverse Ocular Impact and Emerging Therapeutic Potential of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: A Narrative Review.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Nanoparticle-based optical interfaces for retinal neuromodulation: a review.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Cationic Dextran Stearate (Dex-St-GTMAC): Synthesis and Evaluation as Polymeric Micelles for Indomethacin Corneal Penetration.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Smart Contact Lenses as Wearable Ophthalmic Devices for Disease Monitoring and Health Management.Chemical reviews · 2023Review
- Intraoperative Fibrinous Reaction During Phacoemulsification With Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation.Cureus · 2023Article
- Engineering a drug eluting ocular patch for delivery and sustained release of anti-inflammatory therapeutics.AIChE journal. American Institute of Chemical Engineers · 2023Article
- Recent development of polymer nanomicelles in the treatment of eye diseases.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Nanomedicine and drug delivery to the retina: current status and implications for gene therapy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2022Review
- Development of an anti-oxidative intraocular irrigating solution based on reactive persulfides.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Metallic Engineered Nanomaterials and Ocular Toxicity: A Current Perspective.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several drug delivery systems have been proposed to overcome physiological barriers, improving ocular bioavailability. Systemic routes are seldom used due to the blood-ocular barrier. Novel drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology techniques have been developed to overcome ocular physiological barriers. This non-systematic review suggests the utilization of a transitory blood-ocular breakdown to allow the access of drugs by nanotechnology drug delivery systems via the systemic route. We discuss the possible ways to cause the breakdown of the blood-ocular barrier: acute inflammation caused by intraocular surgery, induced ocular hypotony, and the use of inflammatory mediators. The suitability of use of the systemic route and its toxic effects are also discussed in this article.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.