ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2014
A comparison of social and spatial determinants of health between formal and informal settlements in a large metropolitan setting in Brazil.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Topography and environmental deficiencies are associated with chikungunya virus exposure in urban informal settlements in Salvador, Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- "They tossed me up like a ball": informal settlement residents' experiences in accessing healthcare in Kampala, Uganda.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Differences in walking access to healthcare facilities between formal and informal areas in 19 sub-Saharan African cities.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a highly vulnerable population of Brazil: a household cohort study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Association Between Household Deprivation and Living in Informal Settlements and Incidence of Diarrhea in Children Under 5 in Eleven Latin American Cities.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Prevalence and predictors of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology in a highly vulnerable population of Rio de Janeiro: A population-based serosurvey.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022Article
- [From lifestyle to stimulation for dementia prevention in Brazil] - Authors' reply.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022Article
- The Potential to Address Disease Vectors in Favelas in Brazil Using Sustainable Drainage Systems: Zika, Drainage and Greywater Management.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Inequalities in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Brazilian slum populations: A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Material Insecurity, Racial Capitalism, and Public Health.The Hastings Center report · 2021Article
- Inequalities in the prevalence of major depressive disorder in Brazilian slum populations: a cross-sectional analysis.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2021Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A Social Inequality Report.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Observational
- Gastroenteric Viruses Detection in a Drinking Water Distribution-to-Consumption System in a Low-Income Community in Rio de Janeiro.Food and environmental virology · 2020Article
- Slums, Space, and State of Health-A Link between Settlement Morphology and Health Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- A Local View of Informal Urban Environments: a Mobile Phone-Based Neighborhood Audit of Street-Level Factors in a Brazilian Informal Community.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2019Article
- Extending Data for Urban Health Decision-Making: a Menu of New and Potential Neighborhood-Level Health Determinants Datasets in LMICs.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2019Article
- Progress toward eliminating TB and HIV deaths in Brazil, 2001-2015: a spatial assessment.BMC medicine · 2018Article
- Toward cities without slums: Topology and the spatial evolution of neighborhoods.Science advances · 2018Article
- Differences in the Prevalence of Non-Communicable Disease between Slum Dwellers and the General Population in a Large Urban Area in Brazil.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Urban informal settlements are often under-recognized in national and regional surveys. A lack of quality intra-urban data frequently contributes to a one-size-fits-all public health intervention and clinical strategies that rarely address the variegated socioeconomic disparities across and within different informal settlements in a city. The 2010 Brazilian census gathered detailed population and place-based data across the country's informal settlements. Here, we examined key socio-demographic and infrastructure characteristics that are associated with health outcomes in Rio de Janeiro with the census tract as the unit of analysis. Many of the city's residents (1.39 million people, 22 % of the population) live in informal settlements. Residents of census tracts in Rio de Janeiro's urban informal areas are younger, (median age of 26 versus 35 years in formal settlements), and have less access to adequate water (96 versus 99 % of informal households), sanitation (86 versus 96 %), and electricity (67 versus 92 %). Average per household income in informal settlement census tracts is less than one third that of non-informal tracts (US\$708 versus US\$2362). Even among informal settlements in different planning areas in the same city, there is marked variation in these characteristics. Public health interventions, clinical management, and urban planning policies aiming to improve the living conditions of the people residing in informal settlements, including government strategies currently underway, must consider the differences that exist between and within informal settlements that shape place-based physical and social determinants of health.
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