Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24296976›Full record

SynthesisMolecular psychiatry2014

Association of metabolically healthy obesity with depressive symptoms: pooled analysis of eight studies.

M Jokela, M Hamer, A Singh-Manoux, G D Batty, M Kivimäki

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Molecular psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 133 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

M JokelaInstitute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
M HamerDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
A Singh-Manoux1] Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK [2] INSERM, U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France.
G D Batty1] Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK [2] Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK [3] Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
M KivimäkiDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
University College London · GBUniversity of Helsinki · FI

Funding

Socioeconomic gradient in CHD in early old ageR01HL036310 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF LONDON · PI KIVIMAKI, MIKA J, MARMOT, MICHAEL G · 1986 to 2012
$3.1M
Health behaviors over the adult lifecourse and cognitive agingR01AG034454 · NIA · UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON · PI KIVIMAKI, MIKA J, SINGH-MANOUX, ARCHANA · 2009 to 2013
$1.5M
British Heart Foundation RE/10/005/28296Medical Research Council K013351Medical Research Council MR/K013351/1NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL036310NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL036310NIA NIH HHS R01 AG034454NIA NIH HHS R01AG034454Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The hypothesis of metabolically healthy obesity posits that adverse health effects of obesity are largely avoided when obesity is accompanied by a favorable metabolic profile. We tested this hypothesis with depressive symptoms as the outcome using cross-sectional data on obesity, metabolic health and depressive symptoms. Data were extracted from eight studies and pooled for individual-participant meta-analysis with 30,337 men and women aged 15-105 years (mean age=46.1). Clinic measures included height, weight and metabolic risk factors (high blood pressure, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high C-reactive protein and high glycated hemoglobin). Depressive symptoms were assessed using clinical interview or standardized rating scales. The pooled sample comprised 7673 (25%) obese participants (body mass index ⩾30 kg m(-2)). Compared to all non-obese individuals, the OR for depressive symptoms was higher in metabolically unhealthy obese individuals with two or more metabolic risk factors (1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.30, 1.61) and for metabolically healthy obese with ⩽1 metabolic risk factor (1.19; 95% CI=1.03, 1.37), adjusted for sex, age and race/ethnicity. Metabolically unhealthy obesity was associated with higher depression risk (OR=1.23; 95% CI=1.05, 1.45) compared with metabolically healthy obesity. These associations were consistent across studies with no evidence for heterogeneity in estimates (all I(2)-values<4%). In conclusion, obese persons with a favorable metabolic profile have a slightly increased risk of depressive symptoms compared with non-obese, but the risk is greater when obesity is combined with an adverse metabolic profile. These findings suggest that metabolically healthy obesity is not a completely benign condition in relation to depression risk.

Indexed as

Health StatusAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge DistributionBlood PressureBody Mass IndexC-Reactive ProteinCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansLipidsMaleC-Reactive ProteinGlycated HemoglobinLipids

Identifiers

PMID24296976
PMCPMC4921125
OpenAlexW2137252782

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.