Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24295022›Full record

ArticleHealth psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association2014

Costs and beliefs: understanding individual- and neighborhood-level correlates of medication nonadherence among Mexican Americans with type 2 diabetes.

John Billimek, Kristin J August

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  7. Factors Affecting Adherence in Allergic Disorders and Strategies for Improvement.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

John BillimekHealth Policy Research Institute, University of California, Irvine.
Kristin J AugustDepartment of Psychology, Rutgers University, Camden.

Funding

Reducing Diabetes Disparities Using Community CoachesR18DK069846 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI GREENFIELD, SHELDON · 2007 to 2011
$2.6M
NIDDK NIH HHS R18 DK069846NIDDK NIH HHS R18 DK69846NIMHD NIH HHS L60 MD003725
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveHigh rates of medication nonadherence observed in disadvantaged populations are often attributed to socioeconomic factors. Little is known, however, about how a person's neighborhood environment may contribute to nonadherence beyond what can be explained by a lack of individual resources to pay for medications. This study considered the reasons patients reported for deviating from their medication regimens to understand how individual-level and neighborhood-level indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) may each influence adherence behavior.

methodCross-sectional data were collected between 2006 and 2011 from a sample of Mexican American patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 749) treated at university-affiliated clinics in Southern California. Measures included individual-level SES (years of education, health insurance type, and household income), neighborhood deprivation, and medication nonadherence (for reasons related to cost and reasons related to beliefs about medications). Neighborhood deprivation was assessed using the Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Index (Dubowitz et al., 2011), a validated aggregate of census tract-level indicators linked to each participant's home address.

resultsRESULTS from multilevel logistic regression models revealed that individual-level SES was associated with nonadherence related to cost (annual household income < $20,000 vs. > $40,000, p = .001; Medicare vs. commercial health insurance, p < .001), whereas neighborhood deprivation was associated with nonadherence related to beliefs about medications (p = .011).

conclusionFindings from this study suggest that an individual's lack of resources may contribute to nonadherence related to cost, whereas elements of the broader social environment may promote nonadherence related to negative beliefs about medications.

Indexed as

Costs and Cost AnalysisAdultAgedCaliforniaCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Drug MonitoringFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansHypoglycemic AgentsLogistic ModelsMaleMedication AdherenceMexican AmericansMiddle AgedHypoglycemic Agents

Identifiers

PMID24295022
PMCPMC5790419

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.