Trial reportJournal of neuro-oncology2014
Bevacizumab and fotemustine for recurrent glioblastoma: a phase II study of AINO (Italian Association of Neuro-Oncology).
Trial report in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatial patterns of progression in reported glioblastoma cohorts after upfront chemoradiation and salvage therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Neuroimaging classification of progression patterns in glioblastoma: a systematic review.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2018Pooled it
- Phase I/II trial of vorinostat, bevacizumab, and daily temozolomide for recurrent malignant gliomas.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2018Trial
- Activity and safety of bevacizumab plus fotemustine for recurrent malignant gliomas.BioMed research international · 2014Trial
- Review
- The Prognostic Role of Volumetric MRI Evaluation in the Surgical Treatment of Glioblastoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Antiangiogenic Therapy for Malignant Brain Tumors: Does It Still Matter?Current oncology reports · 2023Review
- Article
- Exosomal Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Induces Ionizing Radiation-Adaptive Glioblastoma Cachexia.Cells · 2022Article
- Impact of recurrence pattern in patients undergoing a second surgery for recurrent glioblastoma.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2022Observational
- Recurrent glioblastoma in elderly: Options and decision for the treatment.Surgical neurology international · 2022Review
- Bevacizumab in recurrent high-grade glioma: a single institution retrospective analysis on 92 patients.La Radiologia medica · 2021Article
- Current evidence and challenges of systematic therapies for adult recurrent glioblastoma: Results from clinical trials.Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu · 2021Article
- Novel Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Pathway Inhibitors for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Glioblastoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- A narrative review of research progress on drug therapies for glioblastoma multiforme.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Review
- Multimodal treatment for local recurrent malignant gliomas: Resurgery and/or reirradiation followed by chemotherapy.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2019Article
- Receptor-Targeted Glial Brain Tumor Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- The Clinical Significance of OFrontiers in neurology · 2018Article
- Clinical outcomes in recurrent glioblastoma with bevacizumab therapy: An analysis of the literature.Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2017Review
- The role of bevacizumab in the treatment of glioblastoma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The optimal combination of bevacizumab with cytotoxic or cytostatic drugs in recurrent glioblastoma is unknown. We performed a phase 2 trial of combined bevacizumab and fotemustine for patients with glioblastoma at first relapse after radiotherapy and temozolomide. The primary endpoint was 6-month progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), response rate based on RANO criteria and toxicity. Fifty-four patients with recurrent GBM were enrolled. The authors observed a 6-month PFS rate of 42.6% (95% CI 29.3-55.2) and a median PFS of 5.2 months (95% CI 3.8-6.6). The median OS was 9.1 months (95% CI 7.3-10.3). Twenty-eight patients (52%) had a radiographic response, and a significant neurological improvement with steroid reduction was observed in 25/42 symptomatic patients (60%). MGMT promoter methylation was significantly associated with improved PFS in univariate analysis. Most unifocal tumors at baseline had a focal enhancing progression (76%), while the diffuse non-enhancing progression accounted for 9.5%. Response or survival were not associated with any pattern of progression. Survival after failure of treatment was short. Twelve out of 54 patients (22%) discontinued fotemustine for grade 3/4 myelotoxicity, while 4/54 (7.4%) discontinued bevacizumab. This study failed to demonstrate a superiority of the combination of bevacizumab and fotemustine over either bevacizumab or fotemustine alone as historical controls. Future studies should explore alternative regimens of combination of the two drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.