ArticleMayo Clinic proceedings2013
Use of functional aerobic capacity based on stress testing to predict outcomes in normal, overweight, and obese patients.
Article in Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insulin resistance and metabolic health predict cardiorespiratory fitness: cohort study.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Patients: The Influence of Sex and Gender on Predicted Aerobic Capacity.CHEST pulmonary · 2024Article
- The Exercise Rehabilitation Paradox: Less May Be More?Ochsner journal · 2016Review
- Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Coronary Heart Disease in Asymptomatic Men.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the poorly studied relationship between functional aerobic capacity (FAC) as measured by treadmill stress testing and mortality in normal, overweight, and obese patients. PATIENTS AND
methodsPatients were identified retrospectively from the stress testing database at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. We selected 5328 male nonsmokers (mean ± SD age, 51.8±11.5 years) without baseline cardiovascular disease who were referred for treadmill exercise testing between January 1, 1986, and December 31, 1991, and classified them by body mass index (BMI) into normal-weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m(2)), and obese (≥30 kg/m(2)) categories. Functional aerobic capacity was assessed by maximal exercise test results based on age- and sex-specific metabolic equivalents, and patients were stratified into fitness quintiles. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to determine the relationship of all-cause mortality to fitness in each BMI category.
resultsThere were 322 deaths during 14 years of follow-up. After adjustment for age and exercise confounders, FAC predicted mortality in the 3 BMI groups. Hazard ratios for FAC less than 80% of predicted vs a reference group with normal BMI and fitness (FAC ≥100%) were 1.754 (95% CI, 0.874-3.522), 1.962 (1.356-2.837), and 1.518 (1.056-2.182) for the normal, overweight, and obese groups, respectively. The CIs of the hazard ratios overlapped with no statistically significant differences (P>.05).
conclusionA significant increase in mortality occurs with FAC below 80% of predicted for overweight and obese subjects and below 70% for normal weight subjects. Our results suggest that clinicians need not adjust the standard for low fitness in obese patients.
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