ReviewJournal of neuroinflammation2013
Neurovascular unit dysfunction with blood-brain barrier hyperpermeability contributes to major depressive disorder: a review of clinical and experimental evidence.
Review in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03040388 (Predicting Effects and Risk of Relapse Into Depression - The Danish ECT/MRI Project), which is not on this map. Cited by 133 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Predicting Effects and Risk of Relapse Into Depression - The Danish ECT/MRI Project
Who cites it
133 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 240 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- C-reactive protein is increased in schizophrenia but is not altered by antipsychotics: meta-analysis and implications.Molecular psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association between peripheral inflammation and free-water imaging in Major Depressive Disorder before and after ketamine treatment - A pilot study.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Uncovering causal associations between plasma proteins and psychiatric disorders and identifying comorbidity biomarkers: a mendelian randomization study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Unifying the hallmarks of major depression through neuroimmune-metabolic-oxidative (NIMETOX) dysregulation: a mechanistic systems framework.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanism-First Psychobiotics: Fermented Vegetables, Dairy, and Soy for Depression and Anxiety.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cumulative mild stress during early life alters prefrontal astrocytic proteins and elevates peripheral S100B in young adult mice.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Akkermansia Muciniphila vs. Fluoxetine: Amelioration of Depression-like Behaviors and Cognitive Dysfunction Through Distinct Neurobiological Mechanisms.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Kynurenine pathway dysregulation in major depressive disorder: the convergence of excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Review
- Distinct effects of different Bacteroides strains on depressive-like behavior via a gut-Th1/Th17 cells-brain axis.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial control of blood-brain barrier homeostasis in neuroinflammatory psychiatric disorders.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Toward a visualized classifier for depression: characterization of hemodynamic patterns using time-domain fNIRS.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Nanomedicine for Depression: From Blood-Brain Barrier Delivery to Neuroimmune-Barrier-Plasticity Network Reprogramming.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Epilepsy: Mechanisms and Consequences.Neurology international · 2025Review
- Role of Dietary Polyphenols in NAD+-Dependent Deacetylase SIRT 1 in Stress-Induced Depression.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Neurovascular Dysfunction and Glymphatic Impairment: An Unexplored Therapeutic Frontier in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Inflammatory and Immune Biomarkers in Mood Disorders: From Mechanistic Pathways to Clinical Translation.Cells · 2025Review
73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
About one-third of people with major depressive disorder (MDD) fail at least two antidepressant drug trials at 1 year. Together with clinical and experimental evidence indicating that the pathophysiology of MDD is multifactorial, this observation underscores the importance of elucidating mechanisms beyond monoaminergic dysregulation that can contribute to the genesis and persistence of MDD. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are mechanistically linked to the presence of neurovascular dysfunction with blood-brain barrier (BBB) hyperpermeability in selected neurological disorders, such as stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer's disease. In contrast to other major psychiatric disorders, MDD is frequently comorbid with such neurological disorders and constitutes an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality in disorders characterized by vascular endothelial dysfunction (cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus). Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are implicated in the neurobiology of MDD. More recent evidence links neurovascular dysfunction with BBB hyperpermeability to MDD without neurological comorbidity. We review this emerging literature and present a theoretical integration between these abnormalities to those involving oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in MDD. We discuss our hypothesis that alterations in endothelial nitric oxide levels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling are central mechanistic links in this regard. Understanding the contribution of neurovascular dysfunction with BBB hyperpermeability to the pathophysiology of MDD may help to identify novel therapeutic and preventative approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.