ArticleBioMed research international2013
Low pH environmental stress inhibits LPS and LTA-stimulated proinflammatory cytokine production in rat alveolar macrophages.
Article in BioMed research international, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acidic pH Reduces Fluconazole Susceptibility inJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Correlation Analyses Between Serum Interleukin-7, Interleukin-15 and Lactate Provide Insights Into Their Potential Roles in the Regulation of Inflammation in Elderly Septic Patients.Biomarker insights · 2024Article
- Article
- Lactate metabolism in human health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- Detection of innate immune response modulating impurities (IIRMI) in therapeutic peptides and proteins: Impact of excipients.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Effect of LPS and LTA stimulation on the expression of TLR-pathway genes in PBMCs of Akkaraman lambs in vivo.Tropical animal health and production · 2021Article
- Lactate Is a Metabolic Mediator That Shapes Immune Cell Fate and Function.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Influence of Mushroom Polysaccharide, Nano-Copper, Copper Loaded Chitosan, and Lysozyme on Intestinal Barrier and Immunity of LPS-mediated Yellow-Feathered Chickens.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Lactic Acid Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mast Cell Function by Limiting Glycolysis and ATP Availability.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Unravelling the Interplay between Extracellular Acidosis and Immune Cells.Mediators of inflammation · 2018Review
- The acidic microenvironment as a possible niche of dormant tumor cells.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2017Review
- Synergy between acid and endotoxin in an experimental model of aspiration-related lung injury progression.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gastric aspiration increases the risks for developing secondary bacterial pneumonia. Cytokine elaboration through pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) is an important mechanism in initiating innate immune host response. Effects of low pH stress, a critical component of aspiration pathogenesis, on the PRR pathways were examined, specifically toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) and TLR4, using isolated rat alveolar macrophages (aMØs). We assessed the ability of aMØs after brief exposure to acidified saline to elaborate proinflammatory cytokines in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) stimulation, known ligands of TLR4 and TLR2, respectively. Low pH stress reduced LPS- and LTA-mediated cytokine release (CINC-1, MIP-2, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IFN-β). LPS and LTA increased intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations while Ca²⁺ chelation by BAPTA decreased LPS- and LTA-mediated cytokine responses. BAPTA blocked the effects of low pH stress on most of LPS-stimulated cytokines but not of LTA-stimulated responses. In vivo mouse model demonstrates suppressed E. coli and S. pneumoniae clearance following acid aspiration. In conclusion, low pH stress inhibits antibacterial cytokine response of aMØs due to impaired TLR2 (MyD88 pathway) and TLR4 signaling (MyD88 and TRIF pathways). The role of Ca²⁺ in low pH stress-induced signaling is complex but appears to be distinct between LPS- and LTA-mediated responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.