Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24287121›Full record

ArticleJournal of lipid research2014

Lipidomic analysis of human tear fluid reveals structure-specific lipid alterations in dry eye syndrome.

Sin Man Lam, Louis Tong, Bastien Reux, Xinrui Duan, Andrea Petznick, Siew Sian Yong, Cynthia Boo Shiao Khee, Martin J Lear, Markus R Wenk, Guanghou Shui

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of lipid research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Diurnal Variation of Tear and Meibum Lipids in Healthy Subjects.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
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  5. Ocular surface glycocalyx in health and disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
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  19. The Properties and Role ofThe Journal of organic chemistry · 2021
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Sin Man LamState Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Louis Tong
Bastien Reux
Xinrui Duan
Andrea Petznick
Siew Sian Yong
Cynthia Boo Shiao Khee
Martin J Lear
Markus R Wenk
Guanghou Shui
National University of Singapore · SGSingapore Eye Research Institute · SGSingapore College of Traditional Chinese Medicine · SGInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biology · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As current diagnostic markers for dry eye syndrome (DES) are lacking in both sensitivity and specificity, a pressing concern exists to develop activity markers that closely align with the principal axes of disease progression. In this study, a comprehensive lipidomic platform designated for analysis of the human tear lipidome was employed to characterize changes in tear lipid compositions from a cohort of 93 subjects of different clinical subgroups classified based on the presence of dry eye symptoms and signs. Positive correlations were observed between the tear levels of cholesteryl sulfates and glycosphingolipids with physiological secretion of tears, which indicated the possible lacrimal (instead of meibomian) origin of these lipids. Notably, we found wax esters of low molecular masses and those containing saturated fatty acyl moieties were specifically reduced with disease and significantly correlated with various DES clinical parameters such as ocular surface disease index, tear breakup time, and Schirmer's I test (i.e., both symptoms and signs). These structure-specific changes in tear components with DES could potentially serve as unifying indicators of disease symptoms and signs. In addition, the structurally-specific aberrations in tear lipids reported here were found in patients with or without aqueous deficiency, suggesting a common pathology for both DES subtypes.

Indexed as

Lipid MetabolismDry Eye SyndromesFatty AcidsHumansLipidsMeibomian GlandsMolecular WeightTearsFatty AcidsLipidsmass spectrometrymeibumtear lipidomewax esters

Identifiers

PMID24287121
PMCPMC3886668
OpenAlexW2089609631

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.