Observational studyArthritis research & therapy2013
Elevated serum anti-flagellin antibodies implicate subclinical bowel inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis: an observational study.
Observational study in Arthritis research & therapy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of anti-BMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- The potential role of the gut microbiota in the development of autoantibodies associated with Spondyloarthritis: a narrative review.BMC immunology · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Arthritis and the Environment: Causes and Consequences of Spondyloarthritis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- The potential pathogenic role of gut microbiota in rheumatic diseases: a human-centred narrative review.Internal and emergency medicine · 2024Review
- B Cell Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The gut-joint axis in spondyloarthritis: immunological, microbial, and clinical insights.Seminars in immunopathology · 2021Review
- Microbiota-antibody interactions that regulate gut homeostasis.Cell host & microbe · 2021Review
- Revisiting the gut-joint axis: links between gut inflammation and spondyloarthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2020Review
- Identification of Prevotella Oralis as a possible target antigen in children with Enthesitis related arthritis.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2020Article
- Defining the phenotype, pathogenesis and treatment of Crohn's disease associated spondyloarthritis.Journal of gastroenterology · 2020Review
- Autoantibodies in Spondyloarthritis, Focusing on Anti-CD74 Antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Anti-SIRT1 autoantibody is elevated in ankylosing spondylitis: a potential disease biomarker.BMC immunology · 2018Article
- Relationship between the gut and the spine: a pilot study of first-degree relatives of patients with ankylosing spondylitis.RMD open · 2017Article
- Association Between Circulating Levels of C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2016Article
- Gut inflammation and microbiome in spondyloarthritis.Rheumatology international · 2016Review
- Diagnostic and Prognostic Microbial Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Gastroenterology · 2015Review
- Reevaluating the hype: four bacterial metabolites under scrutiny.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2015Review
- Review
- Altered microbiota associated with abnormal humoral immune responses to commensal organisms in enthesitis-related arthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2014Article
- Spondyloarthritis: Gut inflammation in SpA: flagellin joins the dance?Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) share genetic and clinical features. IBD is associated with the presence of antibodies to a variety of commensal microorganisms including anti-Saccharomyces cerevesiae antibodies (ASCA), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), anti-I2 (associated with anti-Pseudomonas activity), anti-Eschericia coli outer membrane porin C (anti-OmpC) and anti-flagellin antibodies (anti-CBir1). Subclinical intestinal inflammation may be present in up to 65% of patients with AS. This study evaluated the presence of antimicrobial antibodies in patients with AS alone, patients with AS and concomitant IBD (AS-IBD) and a control group of patients with mechanical back pain (MBP).
methodsSera were tested by ELISA for ASCA IgG and IgA, anti-OmpC, anti-CBir1 and ANCA in 76 patients with AS alone, 77 patients with AS-IBD and 48 patients with MBP. Antibody positivity rates, median quantitative antibody levels and the proportion of patients with antibody levels in the 4th quartile of a normal distribution were compared between the three groups of patients.
resultsPatients with AS alone demonstrated higher anti-CBir1 antibody positivity rates and median antibody levels than MBP patients. Anti-CBir1 positivity in AS was associated with elevation of acute phase reactants. AS-IBD patients demonstrated elevated responses when compared to AS alone for ASCA, anti-OmpC and anti-CBir1. Quartile analysis confirmed the findings.
conclusionsThese data suggest that adaptive immune responses to microbial antigens occur in AS patients without clinical IBD and support the theory of mucosal dysregulation as a mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of AS.
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