ArticleScience translational medicine2013
HIV-1 Vpr induces adipose dysfunction in vivo through reciprocal effects on PPAR/GR co-regulation.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06784154 (The Association of Ectopic Fat and Cardiovascular Disease in People Living With HIV and General Populations), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Association of Ectopic Fat and Cardiovascular Disease in People Living With HIV and General Populations: A Cross Sectional Analysis
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Is Associated With Decreased Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Density in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- Structural and functional modifications of neuronal lipid rafts: implications for HIV-associated neurological disorders.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Novel inflammatory metabolic parameters as predictors of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Liver-specific Expression of HIV-1 Viral Protein R Causes Hepatic Steatosis and Glucose Intolerance in Male Mice.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Subcutaneous adipose tissue gene transcripts associated with progressive myosteatosis in persons with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Variation in HIV-1 Tat and Vpr protein amino acid sequences and its association with vascular health measures in a South African cohort: an exploratory study.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Emerging role of natural killer cells in non-AIDS comorbidities during suppressive antiretroviral therapy.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- The Primacy of Adipose Tissue Gene Expression and Plasma Lipidome in Cardiometabolic Disease in Persons With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the outcome of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV after antiretroviral therapy in China.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis of HIV-Associated Metabolic Syndrome and Clinical Management Recommendations.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Single-Cell Analysis of Subcutaneous Fat Reveals Profibrotic Cells That Correlate With Visceral Adiposity in HIV.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Adipose Tissue as a Major Launch Spot for Circulating Extracellular Vesicle-Carried MicroRNAs Coordinating Tissue and Systemic Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Centrosome amplification and aneuploidy driven by the HIV-1-induced Vpr•VprBP•Plk4 complex in CD4Nature communications · 2024Article
- Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and Energy Balance Paradigms in People Living With HIV.Endocrine reviews · 2024Review
- HIV-1 Vpr induces ciTRAN to prevent transcriptional repression of the provirus.Science advances · 2023Article
- Immune and non-immune functions of adipose tissue leukocytes.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2022Review
- The Immune Response in Adipocytes and Their Susceptibility to Infection: A Possible Relationship with Infectobesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Heightened levels of plasma growth differentiation factor 15 in men living with HIV.Physiological reports · 2022Article
- Comparative Transcriptional Analysis Identified Characteristic Genes and Patterns in HIV-Infected Immunological Non-Responders.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Current Considerations for Clinical Management and Care of People with HIV: Findings from the 11th Annual International HIV and Aging Workshop.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Viral infections, such as HIV, have been linked to obesity, but mechanistic evidence that they cause adipose dysfunction in vivo is lacking. We investigated a pathogenic role for the HIV-1 accessory protein viral protein R (Vpr), which can coactivate the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and co-repress peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in vitro, in HIV-associated adipose dysfunction. Vpr circulated in the blood of most HIV-infected patients tested, including those on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with undetectable viral load. Vpr-mediated mechanisms were dissected in vivo using mouse models expressing the Vpr transgene in adipose tissues and liver (Vpr-Tg) or infused with synthetic Vpr. Both models demonstrated accelerated whole-body lipolysis, hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, and tissue-specific findings. Fat depots in these mice had diminished mass, macrophage infiltration, and blunted PPARγ target gene expression but increased GR target gene expression. In liver, we observed blunted PPARα target gene expression, steatosis with decreased adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activity, and insulin resistance. Similar to human HIV-infected patients, Vpr circulated in the serum of Vpr-Tg mice. Vpr blocked differentiation in preadipocytes through cell cycle arrest, whereas in mature adipocytes, it increased lipolysis with reciprocally altered association of PPARγ and GR with their target promoters. These results delineate a distinct pathogenic sequence: Vpr, released from HIV-1 in tissue reservoirs after ART, can disrupt PPAR/GR co-regulation and cell cycle control to produce adipose dysfunction and hepatosteatosis. Confirmation of these mechanisms in HIV patients could lead to targeted treatment of the metabolic complications with Vpr inhibitors, GR antagonists, or PPARγ/PPARα agonists.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.