ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2013
Clostridium difficile and inflammatory bowel disease: role in pathogenesis and implications in treatment.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for Clostridioides difficile infection in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2022Pooled it
- Colonic epithelial regeneration shapes susceptibility tobioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Epidemiology ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Machine Learning Model Predicts Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Recur CDI-IBD).The American journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Risk ofGastro hep advances · 2026Article
- Addressing Unmet Needs inCurrent medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Subcellular Localization Dictates Therapeutic Function: Spatially Targeted Delivery of Amuc_1100 by EngineeredNutrients · 2025Article
- Understanding How Mental Health Influences IBD Outcomes: A Review of Potential Culprit Biological Mechanisms.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Polysaccharide lyase PL3.3 possibly potentiating Clostridioides difficile clinical symptoms based on complete genome analysis of RT046/ST35 and RT012/ST54.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025Article
- Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infections in a Patient With Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Cystic fibrosis and inflammatory bowel disease: parallels in gut physiology and microbiota.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- Microbiota and Gut Inflammatory Markers (Zonulin and Fecal Calprotectin) Exhibit Age-Dependent Variation in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Community-AcquiredInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Association Between Maternal IBD-Related Antibodies and Early Life Gut Inflammatory Status and Microbiota Composition: Insights from Cord Blood.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- A positiveTherapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Review
- Are Small Molecules Effective in Treating Inflammatory Pouch Disorders Following Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis for Ulcerative Colitis? Here Is Where We Stand.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Toxigenic Clostridium perfringens Isolated from At-Risk Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2024Article
- Prebiotic selection influencing inflammatory bowel disease treatment outcomes: a review of the preclinical and clinical evidence.eGastroenterology · 2024Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is the leading cause of antibiotic associated colitis and nosocomial diarrhea. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of developing C. difficile infection (CDI), have worse outcomes of CDI-including higher rates of colectomy and death, and experience higher rates of recurrence. However, it is still not clear whether C. difficile is a cause of IBD or a consequence of the inflammatory state in the intestinal environment. The burden of CDI has increased dramatically over the past decade, with severe outbreaks described in many countries, which have been attributed to a new and more virulent strain. A parallel rise in the incidence of CDI has been noted in patients with IBD. IBD patients with CDI tend be younger, have less prior antibiotic exposure, and most cases of CDI in these patients represent outpatient acquired infections. The clinical presentation of CDI in these patients can be unique-including diversion colitis, enteritis and pouchitis, and typical findings on colonoscopy are often absent. Due to the high prevalence of CDI in patients hospitalized with an IBD exacerbation, and the prognostic implications of CDI in these patients, it is recommended to test all IBD patients hospitalized with a disease flare for C. difficile. Treatment includes general measures such as supportive care and infection control measures. Antibiotic therapy with either oral metronidazole, vancomycin, or the novel antibiotic-fidaxomicin, should be initiated as soon as possible. Fecal macrobiota transplantation constitutes another optional treatment for severe/recurrent CDI. The aim of this paper is to review recent data on CDI in IBD: role in pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, optional treatments, and outcomes of these patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.