ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2012
The role of transport mechanisms in mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance and tolerance.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Bacterial cell envelope-targeting antibiotics.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Evolution of Translational Machinery in Fast- and Slow-Growing Bacteria.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Whole Genome Sequencing and Metabolomic Profiling of Six Clinical Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolates Reveal Drug Resistance-Associated Features.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- Anti-TB Drugs for Drug-Sensitive and Drug-ResistantCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Isolation and characterization of a protective monoclonal antibody targeting outer membrane protein (OmpA) against tuberculosis.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Efflux pumps and membrane permeability contribute to intrinsic antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium abscessus.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Novel Prodrug Strategies for the Treatment of Tuberculosis.Chemistry, an Asian journal · 2024Review
- Free Energy Barriers for Passive Drug Transport through theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A virulence-associated small RNA MTS1338 activates an ABC transporter CydC for rifampicin efflux inFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial Potential of Polyphenols: An Update on Alternative for Combating Antimicrobial Resistance.Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)) · 2024Review
- Chemical remodeling of the mycomembrane with chain-truncated lipids sensitizes mycobacteria to rifampicin.Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- Comparative proteomic investigation unravels the pathobiology of Mycobacterium fortuitum biofilm.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Revolutionizing control strategies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection through selected targeting of lipid metabolism.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Review
- Sequencing and Characterization ofGenes · 2023Article
- Niosome as an Effective Nanoscale Solution for the Treatment of Microbial Infections.BioMed research international · 2023Review
- A pro-oxidant property of vitamin C to overcome the burden of latentFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Tools to Alleviate the Drug Resistance inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Elevated Levels of Three Reactive Oxygen Species and Fe(II) in the Antibiotic-Surviving Population of Mycobacteria FacilitateAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the fight against tuberculosis, cell wall permeation of chemotherapeutic agents remains a critical but largely unsolved question. Here we review the major mechanisms of small molecule penetration into and efflux from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria, and outline how these mechanisms may contribute to the development of phenotypic drug tolerance and induction of drug resistance. M. tuberculosis is intrinsically recalcitrant to small molecule permeation thanks to its thick lipid-rich cell wall. Passive diffusion appears to account for only a fraction of total drug permeation. As in other bacterial species, influx of hydrophilic compounds is facilitated by water-filled open channels, or porins, spanning the cell wall. However, the diversity and density of M. tuberculosis porins appears lower than in enterobacteria. Besides, physiological adaptations brought about by unfavorable conditions are thought to reduce the efficacy of porins. While intracellular accumulation of selected drug classes supports the existence of hypothesized active drug influx transporters, efflux pumps contribute to the drug resistant phenotype through their natural abundance and diversity, as well as their highly inducible expression. Modulation of efflux transporter expression has been observed in phagocytosed, non-replicating persistent and multi-drug resistant bacilli. Altogether, M. tuberculosis has evolved both intrinsic properties and acquired mechanisms to increase its level of tolerance towards xenobiotic substances, by preventing or minimizing their entry. Understanding these adaptation mechanisms is critical to counteract the natural mechanisms of defense against toxic compounds and develop new classes of chemotherapeutic agents that positively exploit the influx and efflux pathways of mycobacteria.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.