Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24279835›Full record

ArticleHealth services research2013

Achieving integration in mixed methods designs-principles and practices.

Michael D Fetters, Leslie A Curry, John W Creswell

6 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health services research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 6 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 2,067 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2,067citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03258138 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Feasibility and Implementation of a Healthy Lifestyles Program: A Pilot Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorMcMaster UniversityRan2018 to 2021Enrolled30ConditionsHealth Behavior, Quality of Life, Chronic Disease, Health PromotionArmsHealth and wellness learning sessions, Brainstorming group sessions, Individual sessions with a multidisciplinary health team, Health goal development, Physical activity and nutrition journals
NCT04267107 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Managing Fatigue: The Individual Program in People Living With Parkinson's Disease- A Protocol for a Feasibility Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorDalhousie UniversityRan2020 to 2022Enrolled23ConditionsParkinson DiseaseArmsIndividual Managing Fatigue Program
NCT05403567 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Video Gaming for Home-Based Rehabilitation: Feasibility for Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy Living in Costa Rica

TypeinterventionalSponsorHolland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalRan2022 to 2023Enrolled15ConditionsHemiplegic Cerebral PalsyArmsBootle Blast Home Intervention
NCT05779371 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Effects of the Integrated-based Laughing Qigong Program on Resilience in Community-dwelling Older Adults: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Method

TypeinterventionalSponsorNational Taipei University of Nursing and Health SciencesRan2019 to 2021Enrolled39ConditionsCommunity-dwelling Older AdultsArmsIntegrated-based Laughing Qigong Program
NCT07451587 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Multicenter Mixed-Methods Pilot Study Evaluating a Personalized Care Management Model (GAP-421) for Chronic Pain in Primary Care Physiotherapy: Feasibility, Care Coordination, and Patient-Reported Outcomes

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidad Autonoma de MadridRan2026 to 2029Enrolled66ConditionsChronic Pain, Chronic Non-cancer Pain, Care Coordination, Primary Health CareArmsGAP-421 Personalized Care Management Model
NCT07518641 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Feasibility of the TransitionED Framework for Youth and Young Adults With Eating Disorders

TypeinterventionalSponsorMcMaster UniversityRan2026 to 2028Enrolled60ConditionsEating Disorders in Adolescence, Transition of CareArmsTransitionED Healthcare Transition Framework
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2,067 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Physiotherapy in Mental Health: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review of Practitioner and Student Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy · 2026
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  3. A systematic review of factors associated with the patient and diagnostic intervals in gastric cancer.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026
    Pooled it
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2,007 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Michael D FettersFamily Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Leslie A Curry
John W Creswell

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mixed methods research offers powerful tools for investigating complex processes and systems in health and health care. This article describes integration principles and practices at three levels in mixed methods research and provides illustrative examples. Integration at the study design level occurs through three basic mixed method designs-exploratory sequential, explanatory sequential, and convergent-and through four advanced frameworks-multistage, intervention, case study, and participatory. Integration at the methods level occurs through four approaches. In connecting, one database links to the other through sampling. With building, one database informs the data collection approach of the other. When merging, the two databases are brought together for analysis. With embedding, data collection and analysis link at multiple points. Integration at the interpretation and reporting level occurs through narrative, data transformation, and joint display. The fit of integration describes the extent the qualitative and quantitative findings cohere. Understanding these principles and practices of integration can help health services researchers leverage the strengths of mixed methods.

Indexed as

Research DesignSystems IntegrationData CollectionData Interpretation, StatisticalHealth Services ResearchHumansInformation Storage and Retrievalbiostatistical methodsepidemiologyfocus groupsprogram evaluationQualitative researchresearch methodologysamplingsurvey

Identifiers

PMID24279835
PMCPMC4097839

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.