Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24278203›Full record

ArticlePloS one2013

The economic burden of meningitis to households in Kassena-Nankana district of Northern Ghana.

Patricia Akweongo, Maxwell A Dalaba, Mary H Hayden, Timothy Awine, Gertrude N Nyaaba, Dominic Anaseba, Abraham Hodgson, Abdulai A Forgor, Rajul Pandya

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  9. A comparison of average wages with age-specific wages for assessing indirect productivity losses: analytic simplicity versus analytic precision.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2017
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  11. Observational
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  13. Article
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  15. Observational
  16. Climate change and cerebrospinal meningitis in the Ghanaian meningitis belt.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2014
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Patricia AkweongoSchool of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Maxwell A Dalaba
Mary H Hayden
Timothy Awine
Gertrude N Nyaaba
Dominic Anaseba
Abraham Hodgson
Abdulai A Forgor
Rajul Pandya

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo estimate the direct and indirect costs of meningitis to households in the Kassena-Nankana District of Ghana.

methodsA Cost of illness (COI) survey was conducted between 2010 and 2011. The COI was computed from a retrospective review of 80 meningitis cases answers to questions about direct medical costs, direct non-medical costs incurred and productivity losses due to recent meningitis incident.

resultsThe average direct and indirect costs of treating meningitis in the district was GH¢152.55 (US$101.7) per household. This is equivalent to about two months minimum wage earned by Ghanaians in unskilled paid jobs in 2009. Households lost 29 days of work per meningitis case and thus those in minimum wage paid jobs lost a monthly minimum wage of GH¢76.85 (US$51.23) due to the illness. Patients who were insured spent an average of GH¢38.5 (US$25.67) in direct medical costs whiles the uninsured patients spent as much as GH¢177.9 (US$118.6) per case. Patients with sequelae incurred additional costs of GH¢22.63 (US$15.08) per case. The least poor were more exposed to meningitis than the poorest.

conclusionMeningitis is a debilitating but preventable disease that affects people living in the Sahel and in poorer conditions. The cost of meningitis treatment may further lead to impoverishment for these households. Widespread mass vaccination will save households' an equivalent of GH¢175.18 (US$117) and impairment due to meningitis.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessAdolescentAdultFemaleGhanaHumansMaleMeningitisYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID24278203
PMCPMC3836898

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.