Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24276022›Full record

ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2013

A review of therapeutic aptamer conjugates with emphasis on new approaches.

John G Bruno

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 110 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Aptamer targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9:Research in pharmaceutical sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. A Novel Aptamer Selection Strategy forMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. A DNA Aptamer for Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate that Shows Adaptive Recognition.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2020
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Tunable cytotoxic aptamer-drug conjugates for the treatment of prostate cancer.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

John G BrunoOperational Technologies Corporation, 4100 NW Loop 410, Suite 230, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. brunobiotech@gmail.com.
Operational Technologies Corporation (United States) · US

Funding

Nuclease-Resistant Aptamers for Anthrax OpsonizationR43AI058423 · NIAID · OPERATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION · PI BRUNO, JOHN G · 2004 to 2004
$100k
Nuclease-Resistant Aptamers to Botox and Anthrax ToxinsR43AI058561 · NIAID · OPERATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION · PI BRUNO, JOHN G · 2004 to 2004
$100k
NIAID NIH HHS R43 AI058423NIAID NIH HHS R43 AI058561
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The potential to emulate or enhance antibodies with nucleic acid aptamers while lowering costs has prompted development of new aptamer-protein, siRNA, drug, and nanoparticle conjugates. Specific focal points of this review discuss DNA aptamers covalently bound at their 3' ends to various proteins for enhanced stability and greater pharmacokinetic lifetimes in vivo. The proteins can include Fc tails of IgG for opsonization, and the first component of complement (C1q) to trigger complement-mediated lysis of antibiotic-resistant Gram negative bacteria, cancer cells and possibly some parasites during vulnerable stages. In addition, the 3' protein adduct may be a biotoxin, enzyme, or may simply be human serum albumin (HSA) or a drug known to bind HSA, thereby retarding kidney and other organ clearance and inhibiting serum exonucleases. In this review, the author summarizes existing therapeutic aptamer conjugate categories and describes his patented concept for PCR-based amplification of double-stranded aptamers followed by covalent attachment of proteins or other agents to the chemically vulnerable overhanging 3' adenine added by Taq polymerase. PCR amplification of aptamers could dramatically lower the current $2,000/gram cost of parallel chemical oligonucleotide synthesis, thereby enabling mass production of aptamer-3'-protein or drug conjugates to better compete against expensive humanized monoclonal antibodies.

Identifiers

PMID24276022
PMCPMC3816688
OpenAlexW2045143882

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.