ArticleJournal of biomechanics2014
The mechanical microenvironment of high concentration agarose for applying deformation to primary chondrocytes.
Article in Journal of biomechanics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted Analysis of Chondrocyte Central Metabolites in Response to Cyclical Compression and Shear Deformations.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Characterization of Composite Agarose-Collagen Hydrogels for Chondrocyte Culture.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Microcarriers in application for cartilage tissue engineering: Recent progress and challenges.Bioactive materials · 2022Review
- Metabolomic Profiling and Mechanotransduction of Single Chondrocytes Encapsulated in Alginate Microgels.Cells · 2022Article
- Mechanosignalling in cartilage: an emerging target for the treatment of osteoarthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2022Review
- Effects of mechanical stimulation on metabolomic profiles of SW1353 chondrocytes: shear and compression.Biology open · 2022Article
- A 3-D constitutive model for finite element analyses of agarose with a range of gel concentrations.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2021Article
- Primary human chondrocytes respond to compression with phosphoproteomic signatures that include microtubule activation.Journal of biomechanics · 2019Article
- Physiological dynamic compression regulates central energy metabolism in primary human chondrocytes.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2019Article
- Metabolic responses induced by compression of chondrocytes in variable-stiffness microenvironments.Journal of biomechanics · 2017Article
- [Study on the effect of artificial cartilage with different elastic modulus on the mechanical environment of the chondrocyte in defect cartilage repaired area].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2017Article
- Study of the Mechanical Environment of Chondrocytes in Articular Cartilage Defects Repaired Area under Cyclic Compressive Loading.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2017Article
- Mechanotransduction in primary human osteoarthritic chondrocytes is mediated by metabolism of energy, lipids, and amino acids.Journal of biomechanics · 2015Article
- Candidate mediators of chondrocyte mechanotransduction via targeted and untargeted metabolomic measurements.Archives of biochemistry and biophysics · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cartilage and chondrocytes experience loading that causes alterations in chondrocyte biological activity. In vivo chondrocytes are surrounded by a pericellular matrix with a stiffness of ~25-200kPa. Understanding the mechanical loading environment of the chondrocyte is of substantial interest for understanding chondrocyte mechanotransduction. The first objective of this study was to analyze the spatial variability of applied mechanical deformations in physiologically stiff agarose on cellular and sub-cellular length scales. Fluorescent microspheres were embedded in physiologically stiff agarose hydrogels. Microsphere positions were measured via confocal microscopy and used to calculate displacement and strain fields as a function of spatial position. The second objective was to assess the feasibility of encapsulating primary human chondrocytes in physiologically stiff agarose. The third objective was to determine if primary human chondrocytes could deform in high-stiffness agarose gels. Primary human chondrocyte viability was assessed using live-dead imaging following 24 and 72h in tissue culture. Chondrocyte shape was measured before and after application of 10% compression. These data indicate that (1) displacement and strain precision are ~1% and 6.5% respectively, (2) high-stiffness agarose gels can maintain primary human chondrocyte viability of >95%, and (3) compression of chondrocytes in 4.5% agarose can induce shape changes indicative of cellular compression. Overall, these results demonstrate the feasibility of using high-concentration agarose for applying in vitro compression to chondrocytes as a model for understanding how chondrocytes respond to in vivo loading.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.