ArticleEuropean journal of pharmacology2014
Genomic and non-genomic regulation of PGC1 isoforms by estrogen to increase cerebral vascular mitochondrial biogenesis and reactive oxygen species protection.
Article in European journal of pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Estradiol-PGC-1 signaling in mitochondrial health: Implications for perimenopause and cardiovascular disease.Physiological reports · 2026Review
- The Estrogen-Mitochondria Axis in Bipolar Disorder: From Fluctuating Hormones to Failing Bioenergetics.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial NADK2-dependent NADPH controls tau oligomer uptake in human neurons.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- One-carbon metabolism and cardiovascular disease: Molecular mechanisms, genetic influences, and epigenetic regulation.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Repeated Disuse Atrophy Imprints a Molecular Memory in Skeletal Muscle: Transcriptional Resilience in Young Adults and Susceptibility in Aged Muscle.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial dysfunction mediates the association between mercury exposure and lipid metabolism in children and adolescents.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in perimenopausal mood disorders: From hormonal shifts to neuroenergetic failure (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Mitochondria-Nuclear Crosstalk: Orchestrating mtDNA Maintenance.Environmental and molecular mutagenesis · 2025Review
- Arteries and Hearts in Motion: Sex Differences in Exercise-Mediated Protection Against Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Sex hormone-specific regulation of ferroptosis in vascular cells in atherosclerosis: molecular mechanisms and targeted strategies.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Neuroprotection or Sex Bias: A Protective Response to Traumatic Brain Injury in the Females.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Effects of regular exercise on vascular function with aging: Does sex matter?American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Review
- Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum and histone proteins in immunomodulation by TLR4-interacting SPA4 peptide againstInfection and immunity · 2023Article
- Oestrogenic Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Estrogens and the regulation of glucose metabolism.World journal of diabetes · 2021Review
- Mitochondrial contributions to vascular endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and cardiovascular diseases.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2021Review
- Sexual differences in mitochondrial and related proteins in rat cerebral microvessels: A proteomic approach.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2021Article
- Mechanisms Underlying the Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complexes by Nuclear Steroid Receptors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Sex-dependent effect ofDisease models & mechanisms · 2020Review
- Sex Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury: What We Know and What We Should Know.Journal of neurotrauma · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We previously found that estrogen exerts a novel protective effect on mitochondria in brain vasculature. Here we demonstrate in rat cerebral blood vessels that 17β-estradiol (estrogen), both in vivo and ex vivo, affects key transcriptional coactivators responsible for mitochondrial regulation. Treatment of ovariectomized rats with estrogen in vivo lowered mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) but increased levels of the other PGC-1 isoforms: PGC-1β and PGC-1 related coactivator (PRC). In vessels ex vivo, estrogen decreased protein levels of PGC-1α via activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Estrogen treatment also increased phosphorylation of forkhead transcription factor, FoxO1, a known pathway for PGC-1α downregulation. In contrast to the decrease in PGC-1α, estrogen increased protein levels of nuclear respiratory factor 1, a known PGC target and mediator of mitochondrial biogenesis. The latter effect of estrogen was independent of PI3K, suggesting a separate mechanism consistent with increased expression of PGC-1β and PRC. We demonstrated increased mitochondrial biogenesis following estrogen treatment in vivo; cerebrovascular levels of mitochondrial transcription factor A and electron transport chain subunits as well as the mitochondrial/nuclear DNA ratio were increased. We examined a downstream target of PGC-1β, glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), the rate-limiting enzyme for glutathione synthesis. In vivo estrogen increased protein levels of both GCL subunits and total glutathione levels. Together these data show estrogen differentially regulates PGC-1 isoforms in brain vasculature, underscoring the importance of these coactivators in adapting mitochondria in specific tissues. By upregulating PGC-1β and/or PRC, estrogen appears to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis, function and reactive oxygen species protection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.