ArticleAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2014
Spirometry and health status worsen with weight gain in obese smokers but improve in normal-weight smokers.
Article in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adiposity markers and lung function in smokers: a cross-sectional study in a Mediterranean population.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2016Trial
- Variance-Guided Regression for Heteroscedastic Data With a Grouping-Based Extension for Nonlinear Prediction.Statistics in medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- The COPD risk associated with adulthood weight change and early adulthood BMI: a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- A protein risk score for all-cause and respiratory-specific mortality in non-Hispanic white and African American individuals who smoke.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Course of Lung Function in Middle-aged Heavy Smokers: Incidence and Time to Early Onset of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2018Article
- Spirometric variability in smokers: transitions in COPD diagnosis in a five-year longitudinal study.Respiratory research · 2016Observational
- Change in health status in COPD: a seven-year follow-up cohort study.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2016Article
- Pulmonary Overlap Syndromes, with a focus on COPD and ILD.Sleep medicine clinics · 2014Article
- Reply from the authors.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2014Article
- Weight gain and lung disease: the vagary of body mass index and the dilemma of the obese smoker.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleThe literature on the effect of obesity and weight gain on respiratory outcomes in smokers is contradictory.
objectiveTo examine the cross-sectional effect of body mass index (BMI) and the longitudinal effect of change in BMI upon spirometry and health status among smokers at risk for and with milder chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
methodsParticipants from the Lovelace Smokers' Cohort were followed for a median period of 6 years, 75% of whom were at risk and 25% of whom had COPD at baseline examination. BMI and gain in BMI were examined as continuous independent variables overall and after stratification into three categories (normal-weight, overweight, and obese) determined on the basis of baseline weight. Spirometry and health status (as assessed by St. George Respiratory Questionnaire total and subscale scores) were dependent variables. Covariates included age, sex, ethnicity, pack-years of smoking, and current smoking status. Cross-sectional analysis used linear and logistic regression; longitudinal analysis used a mixed model approach. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsIn cross-sectional analyses, higher BMI was associated with worse health status among obese smokers but with better health status among normal-weight smokers. In longitudinal analyses, weight gain was associated with a decrease in FEV1 and health status among obese smokers and with an increase in these outcomes among normal-weight smokers.
conclusionsWeight gain affects respiratory outcomes differently between obese and normal-weight smokers. Whereas FEV1 and health status decrease with weight gain among obese smokers, they improve among normal-weight smokers. The nonlinear relationship between weight gain and respiratory outcomes suggests that this effect of excess weight is unlikely to be mechanical alone.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.