ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2014
The association of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with socioeconomic disadvantage: alternative explanations and evidence.
Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 177 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Parental Age and the Risk of ADHD in Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder late birthdate effect common in both high and low prescribing international jurisdictions: a systematic review.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2019Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among Chinese Children and Adolescents.Scientific reports · 2018Pooled it
- The Association Between Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review.Child psychiatry and human development · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Academic achievement and socio-demographic differences in ADHD diagnosis: a population-based study of Swedish compulsory school pupils.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- Global Statistics of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Conduct Disorder among School-Age Children from 1990-2021, with Forecasts to 2040.Neuroepidemiology · 2026Article
- Associations of neighborhood deprivation and household income during pregnancy on child externalizing and internalizing problems.Development and psychopathology · 2026Article
- Review
- ADHD traits and financial decision making in stock trading.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- "The Way the System is Working Out, It's Not Working at All": Parent Perspectives on Social Determinants of Health and ADHD Symptoms in Preschoolers.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of ADHD symptoms among higher education students in Southern Ethiopia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Investigating the Mediating Role of Executive Function in the Relationship Between ADHD and DCD Symptoms and Depression in Adults.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Prenatal Tobacco Exposure and Behavioral Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pediatric reports · 2024Review
- Sex Differences in Children with Uncomplicated Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Sleep Problems.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: socioeconomic inequalities in symptoms, impact, diagnosis and medication.Child and adolescent mental health · 2024Article
- Impact of a Publicly-Funded Pharmacare Program on Prescription Stimulant use Among Children and Youth: A Population-Based Observational Natural Experiment.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2023Article
- Social gradient in use of health services and health-related quality of life of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review.JCPP advances · 2023Article
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnoses and prescriptions in UK primary care, 2000-2018: population-based cohort study.BJPsych open · 2023Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStudies throughout Northern Europe, the United States and Australia have found an association between childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and family socioeconomic disadvantage. We report further evidence for the association and review potential causal pathways that might explain the link.
methodSecondary analysis of a UK birth cohort (the Millennium Cohort Study, N = 19,519) was used to model the association of ADHD with socioeconomic disadvantage and assess evidence for several potential explanatory pathways. The case definition of ADHD was a parent-report of whether ADHD had been identified by a medical doctor or health professional when children were 7 years old.
resultsADHD was associated with a range of indicators of social and economic disadvantage including poverty, housing tenure, maternal education, income, lone parenthood and younger motherhood. There was no evidence to suggest childhood ADHD was a causal factor of socioeconomic disadvantage: income did not decrease for parents of children with ADHD compared to controls over the 7-year study period. No clinical bias towards labelling ADHD in low SES groups was detected. There was evidence to suggest that parent attachment/family conflict mediated the relationship between ADHD and SES.
conclusionAlthough genetic and neurological determinants may be the primary predictors of difficulties with activity level and attention, aetiology appears to be influenced by socioeconomic situation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.