ArticleEarly intervention in psychiatry2015
Reasons for cannabis use among youths at ultra high risk for psychosis.
Article in Early intervention in psychiatry, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cannabis use in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: a comprehensive review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2020Pooled it
- Cannabis use and symptom severity in individuals at ultra high risk for psychosis: a meta-analysis.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2017Pooled it
- Acceptance of pharmaceutical cannabis substitution by cannabis using patients with schizophrenia.Harm reduction journal · 2018Trial
- Cannabis use and glutamate across the psychosis spectrum: in vivo evidence from 7T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cannabis use is associated with changes in psychological and functional well-being during young adulthood: evidence from self-reports and hair analyses.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Cannabis use in the UK: a quantitative comparison of individual differences in medical and recreational cannabis users.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Neurobehavioral risk factors influence prevalence and severity of hazardous substance use in youth at genetic and clinical high risk for psychosis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Pattern of predictive features of continued cannabis use in patients with recent-onset psychosis and clinical high-risk for psychosis.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Cannabis use, self-perceived risk, perceived peer approval and parental attitudes among youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Timing of cannabis exposure relative to prodrome and psychosis onset in a community-based first episode psychosis sample.Journal of psychiatric research · 2022Article
- [Differential diagnostic distinction between substance-induced and primary psychoses: : Recommendations for general psychiatric and forensic practice].Der Nervenarzt · 2022Review
- Article
- Cannabis, schizophrenia genetic risk, and psychotic experiences: a cross-sectional study of 109,308 participants from the UK Biobank.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Post-trauma anhedonia is associated with increased substance use in a recently-traumatized population.Psychiatry research · 2020Article
- Acute effects of smoked marijuana in marijuana smokers at clinical high-risk for psychosis: A preliminary study.Psychiatry research · 2017Article
- The relationship between cannabis use and cortisol levels in youth at ultra high-risk for psychosis.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2017Article
- Traditional marijuana, high-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids: increasing risk for psychosis.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2016Article
- Effective and Neurobiologically Sound.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2015Article
- Substance use in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis.Psychological medicine · 2015Article
- Smoking in schizophrenic patients: A critique of the self-medication hypothesis.World journal of psychiatry · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimCannabis use is prevalent in schizophrenia and its risk states, despite its association with anxiety and positive symptoms. While schizophrenia patients report using cannabis for mood enhancement and social motives, it is not known what motivates clinical high risk (CHR) patients to use cannabis.
methodsAmong 102 CHR patients, 24 (23%) endorsed cannabis use, and were queried as to reasons for use, using a scale previously administered in schizophrenia patients. We hypothesized a primary motivation for mood enhancement related to anhedonia. We evaluated the 'self-medication' hypothesis by examining if motivation for symptom relief was associated with concurrent severity of symptoms.
resultsThe rank order of reasons for use in CHR patients was similar to that previously reported by schizophrenia patients, with mood enhancement and social motives as primary reasons for use, and the motivation to use cannabis for symptom relief comparatively less common. Motivation for mood enhancement had a trend association with anhedonia. Motivation for symptom relief was entirely unrelated to concurrent severity of positive and anxiety symptoms.
conclusionAs in schizophrenia, CHR patients primarily use cannabis for mood enhancement, especially in the context of decreased motivation to seek pleasure otherwise. Negative symptoms may drive cannabis use in schizophrenia and its risk states, which may exacerbate positive symptoms. By contrast, CHR patients do not report using cannabis to 'self-medicate' emergent positive symptoms. The understanding of motives for cannabis use among CHR patients may be informative for treatments aimed at reducing use, such as motivational interviewing.
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