ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2014
Distinct cytokine patterns in semen influence local HIV shedding and HIV target cell activation.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transient association between semen exposure and biomarkers of genital inflammation in South African women at risk of HIV infection.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Impact of early cART on HIV blood and semen compartments at the time of primary infection.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Cytokine Concentrations in Seminal Plasma and Blood in HIV Infection: Differential Modulation by Antiretroviral Therapy and Association with HIV RNA Levels and CD4International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Differential Effect of Cytokines on CD4+ T-Cell Activation, Metabolism, and Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Review
- Human seminal plasma stimulates the migration of CD11c+ mononuclear phagocytes to the apical side of the colonic epithelium without altering the junctional complexes in anFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Association Between Prolonged Shedding of Zika Virus in Human Semen and Male Reproductive Tract Inflammation.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Semen: A modulator of female genital tract inflammation and a vector for HIV-1 transmission.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2021Review
- Leukocytospermia induces intraepithelial recruitment of dendritic cells and increases SIV replication in colorectal tissue explants.Communications biology · 2021Article
- The importance of semen leukocytes in HIV-1 transmission and the development of prevention strategies.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Review
- Seminal Plasma-Derived Extracellular-Vesicle Fractions from HIV-Infected Men Exhibit Unique MicroRNA Signatures and Induce a Proinflammatory Response in Cells Isolated from the Female Reproductive Tract.Journal of virology · 2020Observational
- Detectable HIV-1 in semen in individuals with very low blood viral loads.Virology journal · 2020Article
- Innate and Adaptive Anti-SIV Responses in Macaque Semen: Implications for Infectivity and Risk of Transmission.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- The Impact of Semen Exposure on the Immune and Microbial Environments of the Female Genital Tract.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2020Article
- Inflammation, HIV, and Immune Quiescence: Leveraging on Immunomodulatory Products to Reduce HIV Susceptibility.AIDS research and treatment · 2020Review
- HIV and SIV in Body Fluids: From Breast Milk to the Genitourinary Tract.Current immunology reviews · 2019Article
- Seminal Simian Immunodeficiency Virus in Chronically Infected Cynomolgus Macaques Is Dominated by Virus Originating from Multiple Genital Organs.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Vagal dysfunction and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: novel pathways to chronic inflammation in HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Observational
- Inflammatory Cytokine Profiles of Semen Influence Cytokine Responses of Cervicovaginal Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Semen IgM, IgG1, and IgG3 Differentially Associate With Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in HIV-Infected Men.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSemen is the main vector for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission from men to women. We investigated the influence of cytokines in semen on local HIV burden and activated T cells.
methodsBlood and semen were collected from 42 HIV-negative and 38 HIV-positive men. Concentrations of 20 cytokines were measured by Luminex, and frequencies of activated T cells were measured by flow cytometry.
resultsSemen contained higher concentrations of proinflammatory (monocyte chemotactic protein-1, interleukin [IL]-8, IL-6, Fractalkine, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor) and adaptive cytokines (IL-7 and IL-15) and higher frequencies of activated T cells compared to blood. Plasma IL-2, eotaxin, MIP-1β, and IL-15 and semen eotaxin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) concentrations were associated with T-cell activation. Cytokines in semen were highly coregulated in HIV-negative men; however, this network was disrupted during HIV infection. Several cytokines in semen correlated with HIV shedding (G-CSF, tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], interferon-gamma [IFN-γ], IL-10).
conclusionHigher levels of inflammation and T-cell activation were observed in semen compared with blood. Seminal G-CSF, which influences neutrophil survival, T-cell function, and dendritic cell activation, was associated with T-cell activation and HIV shedding and may be an important target for reducing HIV shedding or risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.