ArticleNature medicine2013
Subinfectious hepatitis C virus exposures suppress T cell responses against subsequent acute infection.
Article in Nature medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Randomized Trial of a Vaccine Regimen to Prevent Chronic HCV Infection.The New England journal of medicine · 2021Trial
- A human vaccine strategy based on chimpanzee adenoviral and MVA vectors that primes, boosts, and sustains functional HCV-specific T cell memory.Science translational medicine · 2014Trial
- TInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Qntrolling the LncRNA HULC-Tregs-PD-1 axis inhibits immune escape in the tumor microenvironment.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Early Phase of Specific Cellular Immune Status Associates with HCV Infection Outcomes in Marmosets.Viruses · 2023Article
- Dose-Dependent Hepacivirus Infection Reveals Linkage between Infectious Dose and Immune Response.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Where to Next? Research Directions after the First Hepatitis C Vaccine Efficacy Trial.Viruses · 2021Review
- SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls.Nature · 2020Article
- Intrahepatic TFrontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mechanisms Associated with Chronic HCV Infection and the Impact of Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2020Review
- ISG15 protects human Tregs from interferon alpha-induced contraction in a cell-intrinsic fashion.Clinical & translational immunology · 2020Article
- HLA variation and disease.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2018Review
- Hepatitis C virus infection inhibits a Src-kinase regulatory phosphatase and reduces T cell activation in vivo.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Chronic HCV Infection.Current drug targets · 2017Review
- Host-virus interactions in hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection.Journal of gastroenterology · 2016Review
- Adaptive immunity in the liver.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2016Review
- Virus-specific antibodies allow viral replication in the marginal zone, thereby promoting CD8(+) T-cell priming and viral control.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Recent advances in understanding hepatitis C.F1000Research · 2016Review
- Cellular immune response to hepatitis-C-virus in subjects without viremia or seroconversion: is it important?Infectious agents and cancer · 2016Review
- Conserved Motifs within Hepatitis C Virus Envelope (E2) RNA and Protein Independently Inhibit T Cell Activation.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is endemic in many countries due to its high propensity for establishing persistence. The presence of HCV-specific T cells in subjects repeatedly exposed to HCV who test negative for HCV RNA and antibodies and who do not have any history of HCV infection has been interpreted as T cell-mediated protection. Here, we show in nonhuman primates that repeated exposure to human plasma with trace amounts of HCV induced HCV-specific T cells without seroconversion and systemic viremia but did not protect upon subsequent HCV challenge. Rather, HCV-specific recall and de novo T cell responses, as well as intrahepatic T cell recruitment and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production, were suppressed upon HCV challenge, concomitant with quantitative and qualitative changes in regulatory T cells (T(reg) cells) that occurred after subinfectious HCV exposure and increased after HCV challenge. In vitro T(reg) cell depletion restored HCV-specific T cell responses. Thus, T cells primed by trace amounts of HCV do not generate effective recall responses upon subsequent HCV infection. Subinfectious HCV exposure predisposes to T(reg) cell expansion, which suppresses effector T cells during subsequent infection. Strategies to reverse this exposure-induced immune suppression should be examined to aid in the development of T cell-based vaccines against HCV and other endemic pathogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.