ReviewInfection & chemotherapy2013
Fluad®-MF59®-Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccine in Older Adults.
Review in Infection & chemotherapy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Heterogeneous estimates of influenza virus types A and B in the elderly: Results of a meta-regression analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2018Pooled it
- Safety and immunogenicity of ascending doses of influenza A(H7N9) inactivated vaccine with or without MF59®.Vaccine · 2025Trial
- Shared clinical and immunologic features of mRNA vaccines: preliminary results from a comparative clinical study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (Sf9 cells) in healthy population aged 18 years or older: two single-center, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 and phase 2 trials.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Trial
- Trial
- MF59-adjuvanted influenza vaccine (FLUAD®) elicits higher immune responses than a non-adjuvanted influenza vaccine (Fluzone®): A randomized, multicenter, Phase III pediatric trial in Mexico.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Trial
- Immunogenicity of trivalent influenza vaccines in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis: MF59-adjuvanted versus non-adjuvanted vaccines.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Trial
- Review
- Seasonal influenza mRNA vaccine induces stronger innate and comparable or better adaptive responses than licensed inactivated vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Comparative evaluation of 5 combination adjuvants on immunogenicity and efficacy of approved seasonal influenza vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Dual impact of squalene-adjuvanted influenza vaccine on immunity and glucose homeostasis in obese mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Adjuvanted Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccine Provides Durable and Broad-Spectrum Immunogenicity in Mice.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Comparison of Adjuvant Potency of Alum, AddaVax, and ISA 71 VG on the Seasonal Split Influenza Vaccine in Mice.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Systems immunology analysis of human immune organoids identifies host-specific correlates of protection to different influenza vaccines.Cell stem cell · 2025Article
- Harnessing immunotherapeutic molecules and diagnostic biomarkers as human-derived adjuvants for MERS-CoV vaccine development.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A novel adjuvant system BK-02 with CpG2006 and MF59 enhances the immunogenicity of a herpes zoster subunit vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Influenza disease burden and the need for highly immunogenic vaccines in older adults: a narrative review.Ewha medical journal · 2024Review
- Vaccine adjuvants: current status, research and development, licensing, and future opportunities.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2024Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza directly or indirectly contributes to the four leading causes of global mortality, at rates that are highest in older adults. As the proportion of older adults in the Korean population is greater than in most other countries, influenza prevention is a greater public health priority in Korea than elsewhere. Conventional inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) is less immunogenic and efficacious (-50%) in older than in young adults, but adjuvanting the vaccine with oil-in-water emulsion MF59® increases immunogenicity, resulting in comparatively higher levels of hemagglutination inhibition antibodies and greater protection against all influenza, as well as cases requiring hospitalization. A recent observational study demonstrated that the adjuvanted vaccine protected older adults against influenza in a year when nonadjuvanted IIV was ineffective. In another multiyear study, the adjuvanted vaccine was estimated to be 25% more effective in preventing pneumonia and influenza hospitalizations compared to nonadjuvanted vaccine. Although MF59-adjuvanted vaccine is transiently more reactogenic than nonadjuvanted vaccine, there is no evidence that it increases risks for serious adverse events, including those with an autoimmune etiology. Experience thus far indicates a favorable balance of benefit to risk for MF59. This may reflect the adjuvant's mechanism of action in which the squalene oil emulsion increases antibody responses to co-administered antigen without acting more generally as an immunopotentiator.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.