Trial reportBirth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology2013
Risk factors and demographics for microtia in South America: a case-control analysis.
Trial report in Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of congenital external ear anomalies and their associated factors.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Epidemiological Characteristics and Maternal Risk Factors of Microtia and Aural Atresia in Kazakhstan.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2025Article
- [Analysis of risk factors for congenital auriclar deformity and its different types].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2024Article
- Evaluation of prenatal diabetes mellitus and other risk factors for craniofacial microsomia.Birth defects research · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe etiopathogenesis of microtia is still unknown in the majority of the cases, particularly for individuals presenting with isolated microtia. Our aim was to evaluate potential risk factors for this condition using a case-control approach.
methodsWe analyzed data from 1,194 live births with isolated microtia enrolled in the ECLAMC study (Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas) from 1982 to 2011 and their respective controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated with logistic regression models along with 95% confidence intervals for the resulting OR estimates controlling for the effects of potential confounders (sex, maternal age, hospital, and year of birth) for an adjusted OR (aOR).
resultsMultiparity was associated with a higher risk of microtia compared with primiparity (aOR, 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-1.8), with women who had eight or more prior pregnancies having the highest risk (aOR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.6-5.2). Women who presented with cold-like symptoms were at higher risk for microtia (aOR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-3.9) as well as those that used tobacco or alcohol during pregnancy (aOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.6 and aOR, 1.4; 95% CI, 0.9-2.1, respectively). The association with alcohol use appeared to be limited to those women who reported binge drinking during pregnancy (aOR, 1.4; 95% CI, 0.7-3.1). Cases from hospitals at low altitude (<2500 m) tended to have more severe types of microtia than those from hospitals at high altitude.
conclusionThese results support the hypothesis that, in addition to teratogens, other nongenetic risk factors contribute to the occurrence of isolated microtia.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.