ArticleJournal of physical therapy science2013
Comparison of effects of a proprioceptive exercise program in water and on land the balance of chronic stroke patients.
Article in Journal of physical therapy science, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of exercise on balance in patients with stroke, Parkinson, and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Pooled it
- Sensory retraining of the leg after stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical rehabilitation · 2019Pooled it
- Comparison between Three Therapeutic Options for the Treatment of Balance and Gait in Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- An Integrated Framework for Classifying Intervention Mechanisms and Measurement Methodologies of Lower-Limb Proprioception in Patients with Stroke: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Study on the effect of aquatic exercise combined with hot spring bathing for patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Aquatic Therapy in Improving Balance in Patients With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of land-based vs. water-based balance training on quality of life and physical and psychological deficits in athletes with chronic ankle instability: a randomized controlled trial.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Review
- Effect of aquatic dual-task training on balance and gait in stroke patients.Journal of physical therapy science · 2016Article
- The effect of olfactory stimuli on the balance ability of stroke patients.Journal of physical therapy science · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare changes in balance ability of land exercise and underwater exercise on chronic stroke patients. [Subjects] A total of 60 patients received exercise for 40 minutes, three times a week, for 6 weeks. [Methods] Subjects from both groups performed general conventional treatment during the experimental period. In addition, all subjects engaged in extra treatment sessions. This extra treatment consisted of unstable surface exercise. The underwater exercise group used wonder boards in a pool (depth 1.1m, water temperature 33.5 °C, air temperature 27 °C) dedicated to underwater exercise, and the land exercise group used balance mats. [Result] The joint position sense, sway area, Berg Balance Scale showed significant improvements in both groups. However, the joint position sense test, sway area, and Berg Balance Scale showed there was more improvement in the underwater exercise group than in the land exercise group. [Conclusion] The results suggest that underwater exercise is more effective than land exercise at improving the joint position sense and balance of stroke patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.