Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24259045›Full record

SynthesisTobacco control2014

Electronic nicotine delivery system (electronic cigarette) awareness, use, reactions and beliefs: a systematic review.

Jessica K Pepper, Noel T Brewer

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Tobacco control, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 232 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
232citing papers in PubMed, 15 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

232 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  9. A Comparative Health Risk Assessment of Electronic Cigarettes and Conventional Cigarettes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017
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  10. Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017
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  13. Cigarette Smoking and Electronic Cigarettes Use: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016
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172 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jessica K PepperGillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Noel T BrewerGillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Funding

LINEBERGER CANCER CONTROL EDUCATION PROGRAMR25CA057726 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI EARP, JO ANNE L, RIBISL, KURT M. · 1992 to 2016
$8.0M
NCI NIH HHS R25 CA057726NCI NIH HHS (R25 CA57726
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe sought to systematically review the literature on electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS, also called electronic cigarettes) awareness, use, reactions and beliefs. DATA SOURCES: We searched five databases for articles published between 2006 and 1 July 2013 that contained variations of the phrases 'electronic cigarette', 'e-cigarette' and 'electronic nicotine delivery'. STUDY SELECTION: Of the 244 abstracts identified, we excluded articles not published in English, articles unrelated to ENDS, dissertation abstracts and articles without original data on prespecified outcomes. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers coded each article for ENDS awareness, use, reactions and beliefs. DATA SYNTHESIS: 49 studies met inclusion criteria. ENDS awareness increased from 16% to 58% from 2009 to 2011, and use increased from 1% to 6%. The majority of users were current or former smokers. Many users found ENDS satisfying, and some engaged in dual use of ENDS and other tobacco. No longitudinal studies examined whether ENDS serve as 'gateways' to future tobacco use. Common reasons for using ENDS were quitting smoking and using a product that is healthier than cigarettes. Self-reported survey data and prospective trials suggest that ENDS might help cigarette smokers quit, but no randomised controlled trials with probability samples compared ENDS with other cessation tools. Some individuals used ENDS to avoid smoking restrictions.

conclusionsENDS use is expanding rapidly despite experts' concerns about safety, dual use and possible 'gateway' effects. More research is needed on effective public health messages, perceived health risks, validity of self-reports of smoking cessation and the use of different kinds of ENDS.

Indexed as

AttitudeElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsMotivationSmoking CessationSmoking PreventionElectronicsHumansNicotineTobacco ProductsNicotineElectronic nicotine delivery devicesHarm ReductionNon-cigarette tobacco products

Identifiers

PMID24259045
PMCPMC4520227

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.