ReviewNeurochemical research2014
A guide to the metabolic pathways and function of metabolites observed in human brain 1H magnetic resonance spectra.
Review in Neurochemical research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 294 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
294 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Transdiagnostic reduction in cortical choline-containing compounds in anxiety disorders: aMolecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Neurometabolite differences in Autism as assessed with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Neurometabolite levels in the brains of patients with autism spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies (N = 1501).Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Functional MRS studies of GABA and glutamate/Glx - A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Traumatic Brain Injury and Subconcussive Hits: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of neurotrauma · 2022Pooled it
- Brain metabolite alterations related to alcohol use: a meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and metabolic alterations in the progression of Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis of in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies.Ageing research reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Magnetic resonance spectroscopy with transcranial direct current stimulation to explore the underlying biochemical and physiological mechanism of the human brain: A systematic review.Human brain mapping · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Inhibitory neurotransmission in frontostriatal circuitry: implications for psychomotor and vegetative symptoms in depressive episodes.BMC psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Effect of naltrexone pretreatment on ketamine-induced glutamatergic activity and symptoms of depression: a randomized crossover study.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Alterations in gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate neurotransmission linked to intermittent theta-burst stimulation in depression: a sham-controlled study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Longitudinal changes in brain metabolites following pediatric concussion.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Neuroimaging Insights: Kava's (Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Effect of high-intensity interval training on hippocampal metabolism in older adolescents.Psychophysiology · 2022Trial
- Simultaneous edited MRS of GABA, glutathione, and ethanol.NMR in biomedicine · 2020Trial
- Metabolite concentration changes associated with positive and negative BOLD responses in the human visual cortex: A functional MRS study at 7 Tesla.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2020Trial
- Reduced prefrontal total choline MRS levels characterize the neurodevelopmental phenotype of bipolar disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Altered hypothalamic metabolism in chronic cluster headache patients measured withThe journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Glutamatergic signaling underlies brain structural organization for mathematical and reading abilities in children.Nature communications · 2026Article
234 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The current knowledge of the normal biochemistry of compounds that give rise to resonances in human brain proton magnetic resonance spectra measureable at readily available field strengths (i.e. ≤3 T) is reviewed. Molecules covered include myo- and scyllo-inositol, glycerophospho- and phospho-choline and choline, creatine and phosphocreatine, N-acetylaspartate, N-acetylaspartylglutamate, glutamate, glutamine, γ-aminobutyrate, glucose, glutathione and lactate. The factors which influence changes in the levels of these compounds are discussed. As most proton resonances in the brain at low field are derived from a combination of moieties whose biochemistry is complex and interrelated, an understanding of the mechanisms underlying why these species change is crucial to meaningful interpretation of human brain spectra.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24258018What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.