ArticleNature2014
Antibacterial membrane attack by a pore-forming intestinal C-type lectin.
Article in Nature, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 169 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
169 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 313 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Alcohol on the Intestinal Immune System.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Recipient single nucleotide polymorphisms in Paneth cell antimicrobial peptide genes and acute graft-versus-host disease: analysis of BMT CTN-0201 and -0901 samples.British journal of haematology · 2018Trial
- An axon-intrinsic loop restricts nerve regeneration through axonal protein synthesis.Science advances · 2026Article
- Intestinal Epithelial MHC-II at the Interface of Microbiota, Immunity, and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Gut mucosal barrier: the frontline of bidirectional regulation of the gut-X axis.Medical review (2021) · 2026Review
- Dock2 Protects Colitis by Facilitating Akkermansia Colonization via Suppressing IL-22-Reg3 Activity.Inflammation · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial peptides and proteins as rheostats of intestinal homeostasis and immunity.Current opinion in immunology · 2026Review
- Epithelial sensing of vitamin A shapes intestinal antimicrobial defense.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Structural basis for human RegⅢα filament formation.Communications chemistry · 2026Article
- Intelectin-2 is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial lectin.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Natural and Synthetic Peptides as Alternatives to Antibiotics in Intestinal Infections-A Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Infection strategies ofGut microbes reports · 2026Review
- REG/Reg family proteins: mediating gut microbiota homeostasis and implications in digestive diseases.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Intestinal Goblet Cell-Expressed Reg4 Ameliorates Intestinal Inflammation Potentially by Restraining Pathogenic Escherichia coli Infection.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- TheMicroorganisms · 2025Review
- Resistin-like molecule γ attacks cardiomyocyte membranes and promotes ventricular tachycardia.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Utilization of Fish Byproduct in Edible Films: A Sustainable Approach to Improving Fillet Shelf Life.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Inducible, but not constitutive, pancreatic REG/Reg isoforms are regulated by intestinal microbiota and pancreatic diseases.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- Galectin-3: a novel antimicrobial host factor identified in goat nasal mucus.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- REG3A: A Multifunctional Antioxidant Lectin at the Crossroads of Microbiota Regulation, Inflammation, and Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human body-surface epithelia coexist in close association with complex bacterial communities and are protected by a variety of antibacterial proteins. C-type lectins of the RegIII family are bactericidal proteins that limit direct contact between bacteria and the intestinal epithelium and thus promote tolerance to the intestinal microbiota. RegIII lectins recognize their bacterial targets by binding peptidoglycan carbohydrate, but the mechanism by which they kill bacteria is unknown. Here we elucidate the mechanistic basis for RegIII bactericidal activity. We show that human RegIIIα (also known as HIP/PAP) binds membrane phospholipids and kills bacteria by forming a hexameric membrane-permeabilizing oligomeric pore. We derive a three-dimensional model of the RegIIIα pore by docking the RegIIIα crystal structure into a cryo-electron microscopic map of the pore complex, and show that the model accords with experimentally determined properties of the pore. Lipopolysaccharide inhibits RegIIIα pore-forming activity, explaining why RegIIIα is bactericidal for Gram-positive but not Gram-negative bacteria. Our findings identify C-type lectins as mediators of membrane attack in the mucosal immune system, and provide detailed insight into an antibacterial mechanism that promotes mutualism with the resident microbiota.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.