ArticleSpine2014
Increased interleukin-1α and prostaglandin E2 expression in the spinal cord at 1 day after painful facet joint injury: evidence of early spinal inflammation.
Article in Spine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Subfailure capsule strain as the cause of cervical zygapophysial joint pain after whiplash: a scoping review.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Regulatory effect of inflammatory mediators in spinal cord injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Effect of Acupuncture on Pain, Prostaglandin E2, and Interleukin-6 in Septorhinoplasty Operations: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Anesthesiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Unraveling quad fever: Severe hyperthermia after traumatic cervical spinal cord injury.Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2023Article
- Elevated Levels of PGE2-Metabolite in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Cox-2 Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Chronic, Post Cholecystectomy Pain and Visceral Hyperalgesia Compared to Healthy Controls. A Hypothesis-Generating Pilot Study.Journal of pain research · 2022Article
- Intra-articular MMP-1 in the spinal facet joint induces sustained pain and neuronal dysregulation in the DRG and spinal cord, and alters ligament kinematics under tensile loading.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Article
- Predictors of Pain Recurrence After Lumbar Facet Joint Injections.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Repeated High Rate Facet Capsular Stretch at Strains That are Below the Pain Threshold Induces Pain and Spinal Inflammation With Decreased Ligament Strength in the Rat.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2018Article
- Quad Fever: Treatment through Lowering of Ambient Temperature.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2018Article
- Ablation of IB4 non-peptidergic afferents in the rat facet joint prevents injury-induced pain and thalamic hyperexcitability via supraspinal glutamate transporters.Neuroscience letters · 2017Article
- IL1A rs1800587 associates with chronic noncrisis pain in sickle cell disease.Pharmacogenomics · 2016Article
- Management of lumbar zygapophysial (facet) joint pain.World journal of orthopedics · 2016Article
- Tissue Strain Reorganizes Collagen With a Switchlike Response That Regulates Neuronal Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Phosphorylation In Vitro: Implications for Ligamentous Injury and Mechanotransduction.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2016Article
- Intra-articular nerve growth factor regulates development, but not maintenance, of injury-induced facet joint pain & spinal neuronal hypersensitivity.Osteoarthritis and cartilage · 2015Article
- Whole-body Vibration at Thoracic Resonance Induces Sustained Pain and Widespread Cervical Neuroinflammation in the Rat.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2015Article
- Thrombospondin-4 and excitatory synaptogenesis promote spinal sensitization after painful mechanical joint injury.Experimental neurology · 2015Article
- TNFα transport induced by dynamic loading alters biomechanics of intact intervertebral discs.PloS one · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
designThis study used immunohistochemistry and an enzyme immunoassay to quantify interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the spinal cord of rats at 1 day after painful cervical facet joint injury.
objectiveThe objective of this study was to determine to what extent spinal inflammation is initiated early after a painful loading-induced injury of the C6-C7 facet joint in a rat model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A common source of neck pain, the cervical facet joint is susceptible to loading-induced injury, which can lead to persistent pain. IL-1α and PGE2 are associated with joint inflammation and pain, both locally in the joint and centrally in the spinal cord. Joint inflammation has been shown to contribute to pain after facet joint injury. Although spinal neuronal hyperactivity is evident within 1 day of painful facet injury, it is unknown if inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1α and PGE2, are also induced early after painful injury.
methodsRats underwent either a painful C6-C7 facet joint distraction or sham procedure. Mechanical sensitivity was assessed, and immunohistochemical and enzyme immunoassay techniques were used to quantify IL-1α and PGE2 expression in the spinal cord at day 1.
resultsBoth IL-1α and PGE2 were significantly elevated (P≤ 0.04) at day 1 after painful injury. Moreover, although both spinal IL-1α and PGE2 levels were correlated with the withdrawal threshold in response to mechanical stimulation of the forepaw, this correlation was only significant (P = 0.01) for PGE2.
conclusionThe increased expression of 2 inflammatory markers in the spinal cord at 1 day after painful joint injury suggests that spinal inflammation may contribute to the initiation of pain after cervical facet joint injury. Further studies will help identify functional roles of both spinal IL-1α and PGE2 in loading-induced joint pain. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: N/A.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.