Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24253617›Full record

ReviewGut microbes

Vaccinating against Helicobacter pylori in the developing world.

Shamila Zawahir, Steven J Czinn, John G Nedrud, Thomas G Blanchard

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Gut microbes. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. New Directions inInfection and drug resistance · 2025
    Review
  2. Flavodoxins as Novel Therapeutic Targets againstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    Review
  3. Clinical case reports · 2016
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Dietary amelioration of Helicobacter infection.Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2015
    Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Shamila ZawahirDepartment of Pediatrics; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD USA.
Steven J CzinnDepartment of Pediatrics; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD USA.
John G NedrudDepartment of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; Cleveland, OH USA.
Thomas G BlanchardDepartment of Pediatrics; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD USA.
University of Baltimore · USCase Western Reserve University · US

Funding

Wild-type S. typhi Infection in Humans: Integrated Immunoprotective MechanismsU19AI082655 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI GREENWALD, BRUCE D · 2009 to 2018
$27.8M
Research Training in Gastroenterology and HepatologyT32DK067872 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI RAUFMAN, JEAN-PIERRE · 2005 to 2024
$7.2M
Mucosal Immunology of Heliobacter Induced GastritisR01DK046461 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI CZINN, STEVEN J · 1994 to 2011
$3.6M
NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI082655NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK046461NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK 46461NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK067872
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infects more than half the world's population and in developing nations the incidence can be over 90%. The morbidity and mortality associated with H. pylori-associated diseases including ulcers and gastric cancer therefore, disproportionately impact the developing world. Mice have been used extensively to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a vaccine for H. pylori infection, and for testing antigens, routes of immunization, dose, and adjuvants. These successes however, have not translated well in clinical trials. Although there are examples where immune responses have been activated, there are few instances of achieving a reduced bacterial load. In vivo and in vitro analyses in both mice and humans demonstrates that the host responds to H. pylori infection through the activation of immunoregulatory mechanisms designed to suppress the anti-H. pylori response. Improved vaccine efficacy therefore, will require the inclusion of factors that over-ride or re-program these immunoregulatory rersponse mechanisms.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsBacterial VaccinesClinical Trials as TopicDisease Models, AnimalHelicobacter InfectionsHelicobacter pyloriHumansStomach NeoplasmsAdjuvants, ImmunologicBacterial Vaccinesdyspepsiagastric cancerHelicobacter pylorivaccine

Identifiers

PMID24253617
PMCPMC3928166
OpenAlexW2002030730

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.