ReviewJournal of Parkinson's disease2013
The role of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease.
Review in Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07064005 (Brain Glutathione), which is not on this map. Cited by 926 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Brain Glutathione (GSH) Enrichment Through Gamma-glutamylcysteine (GGC) Supplementation in Early Parkinson's Disease Patients for Reduction of Extrapyramidal Motor Disturbances and Halting Cognition Decline: A Pilot Trial
Who cites it
926 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,697 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers F2-isoprostanes and 8-OHdG in Parkinson's disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies.Annals of medicine · 2026Pooled it
- N-acetylcysteine for Parkinson's disease: a translational systematic review of mechanistic and early clinical data.Neurodegenerative disease management · 2026Pooled it
- The role of N-acetylcysteine and glutathione in the management of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review of oxidative biomarkers and clinical outcomes.Amino acids · 2026Pooled it
- Natural Neurobiological Active Compounds in Parkinson's Disease: Molecular Targets, Signaling Pathways, and Therapeutic Prospects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- UsingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Neuroprotective Effects of Epicatechin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025Pooled it
- Microglia-associated research in Parkinson's disease: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine in Parkinson's disease patients: a pilot study.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Trial
- Repurposing celecoxib as adjuvant therapy in patients with Parkinsonian disease: a new therapeutic dawn: randomized controlled pilot study.Inflammopharmacology · 2024Trial
- Nigral biochemical and structural alterations following subacute exposure to MPTP in mice.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Alpha-synuclein and mitochondrial permeability transition pore interactions in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease models: neuroprotective promise of cyclosporine A.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Kaempferol fromToxicology reports · 2026Article
- Decoupling Neuroprotection from MAO Inhibition via Indane-to-Azaindane Bioisosteric Replacement of Rasagiline.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2026Article
- Exploring the Neuropharmacological Potential of Ligustrum sinense Relevant to Parkinson's Disease: In Vivo and In Silico Study.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Ginkgolide B Attenuates 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Cellular Damage and Modulates Oxidant-Evoked CaCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Brain-first and body-first subtypes of Lewy body disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- PolyQ-expanded ataxin-3 is associated with mitochondrial alterations in Machado-Joseph disease.Disease models & mechanisms · 2026Article
- Extreme heat and hospitalization with Parkinson's disease among older adults.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
866 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). Disruptions in the physiologic maintenance of the redox potential in neurons interfere with several biological processes, ultimately leading to cell death. Evidence has been developed for oxidative and nitrative damage to key cellular components in the PD substantia nigra. A number of sources and mechanisms for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are recognized including the metabolism of dopamine itself, mitochondrial dysfunction, iron, neuroinflammatory cells, calcium, and aging. PD causing gene products including DJ-1, PINK1, parkin, alpha-synuclein and LRRK2 also impact in complex ways mitochondrial function leading to exacerbation of ROS generation and susceptibility to oxidative stress. Additionally, cellular homeostatic processes including the ubiquitin-proteasome system and mitophagy are impacted by oxidative stress. It is apparent that the interplay between these various mechanisms contributes to neurodegeneration in PD as a feed forward scenario where primary insults lead to oxidative stress, which damages key cellular pathogenetic proteins that in turn cause more ROS production. Animal models of PD have yielded some insights into the molecular pathways of neuronal degeneration and highlighted previously unknown mechanisms by which oxidative stress contributes to PD. However, therapeutic attempts to target the general state of oxidative stress in clinical trials have failed to demonstrate an impact on disease progression. Recent knowledge gained about the specific mechanisms related to PD gene products that modulate ROS production and the response of neurons to stress may provide targeted new approaches towards neuroprotection.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.