ArticleBMC infectious diseases2013
Seroprevalence of diphtheria toxoid IgG antibodies in children, adolescents and adults in Poland.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping anti-diphtheria toxin antibody: a systematic review and meta-analysis with multi-level meta-regression.Pathogens and global healthPooled it
- Seroprevalence of Diphtheria and Tetanus Immunoglobulin G among the General Health Population in Guangzhou, China.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Modifiable risk factors for diphtheria: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Global epidemiology · 2023Review
- The evaluation of anti-diphtheria toxoid antibodies in healthy population in Kon Tum, Vietnam: a population-based study.IJID regions · 2022Article
- Diphtheria serology in adults in Central Java and East Java, Indonesia: the importance of continuous diphtheria vaccination.African health sciences · 2021Article
- Seroprevalence of diphtheria toxoid IgG antibodies in the Malaysian population.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Phenotypic and Genotypic Correlates of Penicillin Susceptibility in Nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae, British Columbia, Canada, 2015-2018.Emerging infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Immune status against diphtheria in healthy adults.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2019Article
- Seroprevalence of diphtheria and pertussis immunoglobulin G among children with pneumonia in Ji'nan, China.BMC pediatrics · 2018Article
- Changes in MLST profiles and biotypes of Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates from the diphtheria outbreak period to the period of invasive infections caused by nontoxigenic strains in Poland (1950-2016).BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Observational
- Long-Term Protection against Diphtheria in the Netherlands after 50 Years of Vaccination: Results from a Seroepidemiological Study.PloS one · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecommendations for diphtheria immunization are to apply an effective primary immunization in infancy and to maintain immunity throughout life. Immunity against diphtheria depends primarily on antibody to the diphtheria toxin. This study evaluated the seroprevalence of IgG diphtheria antitoxin in sera of healthy children, adolescents and adults in Poland.
methodsA total of 1387 serum samples collected between 2010 and 2012 from individuals with ages ranging from 1 month to 85 years were investigated. Antibody concentrations were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Anti-Diphtheria Toxoid ELISA IgG, Euroimmun, Germany).
resultsThe results showed that among 1387 individuals examined, 547 (39.4%) had anti-diphtheria toxoid IgG antibody levels below 0.1 IU/ml (36.9% ≤ 18 years and 40.5% >18 years old, respectively). The 212 (50.8%) children and 542 (55.9%) adults showed only basic protection (0.1-1.0 IU/ml) and need immediate booster. High levels of anti-diphtheria toxoid IgG antibodies (>1.0 IU/ml) were found more often in children and adolescent (12.2%) than in adults (3.6%) and this was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The proportion of seronegatives (< 0.1 IU/ml) in children below 2 years old, adolescents and young adults to 25 years old decreased from 53.5% to 17.4%. However, in older individuals the seronegative proportion tended to increase with age, from 22.7% in adults (26-30 years old) to 67.1% in subjects > 60 years old. Characteristically, in individuals > 40 years old high levels of anti-diphtheria toxoid IgG antibodies (>1.0 IU/ml) were not seen. There were no statistically significant differences in results in relation to gender.
conclusionsThe present study showed inadequate immunity levels to diphtheria amongst the Polish population, especially in adults > 40 years old and children ≤ 2 years old. To prevent reemergence of diphtheria an information campaign reminding people about recommendations concerning diphtheria booster vaccination in adults should be conducted. Moreover, the immunogenicity of the DTP vaccine used in Poland should be verified.
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