ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Saposins modulate human invariant Natural Killer T cells self-reactivity and facilitate lipid exchange with CD1d molecules during antigen presentation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multifaceted role of CNPY2 beyond ER stress: Disease implications and therapeutic potential.Cell stress · 2026Article
- Molecular basis underpinning MR1 allomorph recognition by an MR1-restricted T cell receptor.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Cellular Output and Physicochemical Properties of the Membrane-Derived Vesicles Depend on Chemical Stimulants.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- CD1-mediated immune responses in mucosal tissues: molecular mechanisms underlying lipid antigen presentation system.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- The P5-type ATPase ATP13A1 modulates major histocompatibility complex I-related protein 1 (MR1)-mediated antigen presentation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2022Article
- Immunometabolic factors in adolescent chronic disease are associated with Th1 skewing of invariant Natural Killer T cells.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- Ligand-dependent downregulation of MR1 cell surface expression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Sterile activation of invariant natural killer T cells by ER-stressed antigen-presenting cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Lipid Antigen Presentation by CD1b and CD1d in Lysosomal Storage Disease Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Identification of Urinary CD44 and Prosaposin as Specific Biomarkers of Urinary Tract Infections in Children With Neurogenic Bladders.Biomarker insights · 2019Article
- The lipid transfer protein Saposin B does not directly bind CD1d for lipid antigen loading.Wellcome open research · 2019Article
- Multi-hierarchical profiling the structure-activity relationships of engineered nanomaterials at nano-bio interfaces.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Role of lipid transfer proteins in loading CD1 antigen-presenting molecules.Journal of lipid research · 2018Review
- Lipid-Reactive T Cells in Immunological Disorders of the Lung.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- The Role of Natural Killer T Cells in Cancer-A Phenotypical and Functional Approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Differential Role of Cathepsins S and B In Hepatic APC-Mediated NKT Cell Activation and Cytokine Secretion.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Mechano-Signal Transduction in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induces Prosaposin Secretion to Drive the Proliferation of Breast Cancer Cells.Cancer research · 2017Article
- Expression of a novel CNPY2 isoform in colorectal cancer and its association with oncologic prognosis.Aging · 2017Article
- From Lysosomal Storage Diseases to NKT Cell Activation and Back.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Dengue Virus Subverts Host Innate Immunity by Targeting Adaptor Protein MAVS.Journal of virology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Lipid transfer proteins, such as molecules of the saposin family, facilitate extraction of lipids from biological membranes for their loading onto CD1d molecules. Although it has been shown that prosaposin-deficient mice fail to positively select invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, it remains unclear whether saposins can facilitate loading of endogenous iNKT cell agonists in the periphery during inflammatory responses. In addition, it is unclear whether saposins, in addition to loading, also promote dissociation of lipids bound to CD1d molecules. To address these questions, we used a combination of cellular assays and demonstrated that saposins influence CD1d-restricted presentation to human iNKT cells not only of exogenous lipids but also of endogenous ligands, such as the self-glycosphingolipid β-glucopyranosylceramide, up-regulated by antigen-presenting cells following bacterial infection. Furthermore, we demonstrated that in human myeloid cells CD1d-loading of endogenous lipids after bacterial infection, but not at steady state, requires trafficking of CD1d molecules through an endo-lysosomal compartment. Finally, using BIAcore assays we demonstrated that lipid-loaded saposin B increases the off-rate of lipids bound to CD1d molecules, providing important insights into the mechanisms by which it acts as a "lipid editor," capable of fine-tuning loading and unloading of CD1d molecules. These results have important implications in understanding how to optimize lipid-loading onto antigen-presenting cells, to better harness iNKT cells central role at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.