Trial reportThe American journal of gastroenterology2014
Differential effects of FODMAPs (fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols) on small and large intestinal contents in healthy subjects shown by MRI.
Trial report in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 107 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Physical Form of Apples on Gastrointestinal Function and Satiety: a MRI Study
Mechanism of FODMAP Restriction on Gut Microbiota and Gut Barrier Function in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder Patients : A Randomised Controlled Trial
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 341 citations in OpenAlex.
- European guideline on indications, performance, and clinical impact of hydrogen and methane breath tests in adult and pediatric patients: European Association for Gastroenterology, Endoscopy and Nutrition, European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, and European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition consensus.United European gastroenterology journal · 2022Guideline
- Does a low FODMAPs diet reduce symptoms of functional abdominal pain disorders? A systematic review in adult and paediatric population, on behalf of Italian Society of Pediatrics.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2018Pooled it
- Mode of Action of Psyllium in Reducing Gas Production from Inulin and its Interaction with Colonic Microbiota: A 24-hour, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy Human Volunteers.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Impact of a low FODMAP diet on the amount of rectal gas and rectal volume during radiotherapy in patients with prostate cancer - a prospective pilot study.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2019Trial
- Relationship Between Abdominal Symptoms and Fructose Ingestion in Children with Chronic Abdominal Pain.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2018Trial
- Fructans Exacerbate Symptoms in a Subset of Children With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Increasing Symptoms in Irritable Bowel Symptoms With Ingestion of Galacto-Oligosaccharides Are Mitigated by α-Galactosidase Treatment.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2018Trial
- Co-Administration of Soy Isoflavones and Vitamin D in Management of Irritable Bowel Disease.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Randomised clinical trial: gut microbiome biomarkers are associated with clinical response to a low FODMAP diet in children with the irritable bowel syndrome.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2015Trial
- Linaclotide in Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Patients with Moderate to Severe Abdominal Bloating: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Beyond Malabsorption: The Need for Symptom-Based Assessment in Suspected Lactose Intolerance. Lessons From a Test-Specific Symptom Assessment.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Article
- The Effects of Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, and Monosaccharides and Polyols on Dyspeptic Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Nonlinear association between composite dietary antioxidant index and irritable bowel syndrome: insights from UK Biobank.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Nutritional Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Diet in Ulcerative Colitis: A Narrative Review of Its Role in Pathogenesis and Treatment.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Review
- Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Nonpharmacological Interventions in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Current Insights and Future Directions.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2026Review
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate whether ingestion of fructose and fructans (such as inulin) can exacerbate irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. The aim was to better understand the origin of these symptoms by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the gut.
methodsA total of 16 healthy volunteers participated in a four-way, randomized, single-blind, crossover study in which they consumed 500 ml of water containing 40 g of either glucose, fructose, inulin, or a 1:1 mixture of 40 g glucose and 40 g fructose. MRI scans were performed hourly for 5 h, assessing the volume of gastric contents, small bowel water content (SBWC), and colonic gas. Breath hydrogen (H2) was measured and symptoms recorded after each scan.
resultsData are reported as mean (s.d.) (95% CI) when normally distributed and median (range) when not. Fructose increased area under the curve (AUC) from 0-5 h of SBWC to 71 (23) l/min, significantly greater than for glucose at 36 (11-132) l/min (P<0.001), whereas AUC SBWC after inulin, 33 (17-106) l/min, was no different from that after glucose. Adding glucose to fructose decreased AUC SBWC to 55 (28) l/min (P=0.08) vs. fructose. Inulin substantially increased AUC colonic gas to 33 (20) l/min, significantly greater than glucose and glucose+fructose (both P<0.05). Breath H2 rose more with inulin than with fructose. Glucose when combined with fructose significantly reduced breath H2 by 7,700 (3,121-12,300) p.p.m./min relative to fructose alone (P<0.01, n=13).
conclusionsFructose but not inulin distends the small bowel with water. Adding glucose to fructose reduces the effect of fructose on SBWC and breath hydrogen. Inulin distends the colon with gas more than fructose, but causes few symptoms in healthy volunteers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.