ArticleCellular microbiology2014
Strategies for maximizing ATP supply in the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi: direct binding of mitochondria to the parasitophorous vacuole and clustering of the mitochondrial porin VDAC.
Article in Cellular microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microsporidia: evolution, infection mechanisms and host impact.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- llluminating the live-cell dynamics of early interactions between neutrophils and the microsporidian parasite Encephalitozoon cuniculi.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Host-Parasite Interactions and Integrated Management Strategies for Ecytonucleospora Hepatopenaei Infection in Shrimp.Acta parasitologica · 2025Review
- Environment-dependent mutualism-parasitism transitions in the incipient symbiosis between Tetrahymena utriculariae and Micractinium tetrahymenae.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- The Pathogenic Mechanism ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Article
- Biogenesis, inheritance, and 3D ultrastructure of the microsporidian mitosome.Life science alliance · 2024Article
- 3D reconstructions of parasite development and the intracellular niche of the microsporidian pathogen Encephalitozoon intestinalis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Molecular and cellular characterization of four putative nucleotide transporters from the shrimp microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP).Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Down-Regulation of Lipid Metabolism in the Hepatopancreas of ShrimpInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Heterologous Expressed NbSWP12 from MicrosporidiaJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Microsporidia Promote Host Mitochondrial Fragmentation by Modulating DRP1 Phosphorylation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Review
- Microsporidia, a Highly Adaptive Organism and Its Host Expansion to Humans.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Collective Dynamics of Ion Channels on Bilayer Lipid Membranes.ACS omega · 2021Article
- Human microsporidian pathogenJournal of cell science · 2021Article
- Proteomic Analysis ofMolecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2020Article
- Invasion of Host Cells by Microsporidia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites with extremely reduced genomes and a dependence on host-derived ATP. The microsporidium Encephalitozoon cuniculi proliferates within a membranous vacuole and we investigated how the ATP supply is optimized at the vacuole-host interface. Using spatial EM quantification (stereology), we found a single layer of mitochondria coating substantial proportions of the parasitophorous vacuole. Mitochondrial binding occurred preferentially over the vegetative 'meront' stages of the parasite, which bulged into the cytoplasm, thereby increasing the membrane surface available for mitochondrial interaction. In a broken cell system mitochondrial binding was maintained and was typified by electron dense structures (< 10 nm long) bridging between outer mitochondrial and vacuole membranes. In broken cells mitochondrial binding was sensitive to a range of protease treatments. The function of directly bound mitochondria, as measured by the membrane potential sensitive dye JC-1, was indistinguishable from other mitochondria in the cell although there was a generalized depression of the membrane potential in infected cells. Finally, quantitative immuno-EM revealed that the ATP-delivering mitochondrial porin, VDAC, was concentrated atthe mitochondria-vacuole interaction site. Thus E. cuniculi appears to maximize ATP supply by direct binding of mitochondria to the parasitophorous vacuole bringing this organelle within 0.020 microns of the growing vegetative form of the parasite. ATP-delivery is further enhanced by clustering of ATP transporting porins in those regions of the outer mitochondrial membrane lying closest to the parasite.
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