ArticlePloS one2013
Rod photoreceptors express GPR55 in the adult vervet monkey retina.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Electroretinographical analysis of the effect of cannabidiol (CBD) in eyes of Zucker diabetic fatty rats.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Local activation of CB1 receptors by synthetic and endogenous cannabinoids dampens burst firing mode of reticular thalamic nucleus neurons in rats under ketamine anesthesia.Experimental brain research · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoids in Glaucoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
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- The Inhibition of the Degrading Enzyme Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Alters the Activity of the Cone System in the Vervet Monkey Retina.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Endocannabinoids in aqueous humour of patients with or without diabetes.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2020Article
- The Endocannabinoid System Is Present in Rod Outer Segments from Retina and Is Modulated by Light.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Article
- Cannabinoids Modulate Light Signaling in ON-Sustained Retinal Ganglion Cells of the Mouse.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2019Article
- Neuro-psychopharmacological perspective of Orphan receptors of Rhodopsin (class A) family of G protein-coupled receptors.Psychopharmacology · 2017Review
- Cannabinoids Modulate Neuronal Activity and Cancer by CB1 and CB2 Receptor-Independent Mechanisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2017Review
- Advances in the Physiology of GPR55 in the Central Nervous System.Current neuropharmacology · 2017Review
- Expression and Function of the Endocannabinoid System in the Retina and the Visual Brain.Neural plasticity · 2016Review
- The Endocannabinoid System as a Therapeutic Target in Glaucoma.Neural plasticity · 2016Review
- A Comparative Analysis of the Endocannabinoid System in the Retina of Mice, Tree Shrews, and Monkeys.Neural plasticity · 2016Article
- Cannabinoid Receptors CB1 and CB2 Modulate the Electroretinographic Waves in Vervet Monkeys.Neural plasticity · 2016Article
- Endogenous and Synthetic Cannabinoids as Therapeutics in Retinal Disease.Neural plasticity · 2016Review
- A role for GPR55 in human placental venous endothelial cells.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2015Article
- Standardized full-field electroretinography in the Green Monkey (Chlorocebus sabaeus).PloS one · 2014Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cannabinoids exert their actions mainly through two receptors, the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) and cannabinoid CB2 receptor (CB2R). In recent years, the G-protein coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) was suggested as a cannabinoid receptor based on its activation by anandamide and tetrahydrocannabinol. Yet, its formal classification is still a matter of debate. CB1R and CB2R expression patterns are well described for rodent and monkey retinas. In the monkey retina, CB1R has been localized in its neural (cone photoreceptor, horizontal, bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells) and CB2R in glial components (Müller cells). The aim of this study was to determine the expression pattern of GPR55 in the monkey retina by using confocal microscopy. Our results show that GPR55 is strictly localized in the photoreceptor layer of the extrafoveal portion of the retina. Co-immunolabeling of GPR55 with rhodopsin, the photosensitive pigment in rods, revealed a clear overlap of expression throughout the rod structure with most prominent staining in the inner segments. Additionally, double-label of GPR55 with calbindin, a specific marker for cone photoreceptors in the primate retina, allowed us to exclude expression of GPR55 in cones. The labeling of GPR55 in rods was further assessed with a 3D visualization in the XZ and YZ planes thus confirming its exclusive expression in rods. These results provide data on the distribution of GPR55 in the monkey retina, different than CB1R and CB2R. The presence of GPR55 in rods suggests a function of this receptor in scotopic vision that needs to be demonstrated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.