ArticlePloS one2013
ApoE production in human monocytes and its regulation by inflammatory cytokines.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Unraveling APOE4's Role in Alzheimer's Disease: Pathologies and Therapeutic Strategies.Current protein & peptide science · 2025Review
- Apolipoprotein E Is Upregulated in Blood and Circulating Monocytes of Indian Patients With Visceral Leishmaniasis.Parasite immunology · 2024Article
- The Influence of Kynurenine Metabolites on Neurodegenerative Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Proteomic Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Monocyte Co-Cultures Exposed to a Bioactive Silica-Based Sol-Gel Coating.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2023Article
- Development and investigation of metabolism-associated risk assessment models for patients with viral hepatitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Brain apolipoprotein E levels in mice challenged by a Western diet increase in an allele-dependent manner.Aging brain · 2023Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of (3Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- New insights into the emerging effects of inflammatory response on HDL particles structure and function.Molecular biology reports · 2021Review
- Measuring single-cell protein secretion in immunology: Technologies, advances, and applications.European journal of immunology · 2021Review
- Differences in Recycling of Apolipoprotein E3 and E4-LDL Receptor Complexes-A Mechanistic Hypothesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Article
- Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Serum from Pigs Experimentally Infected withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Function and Dysfunction of Complement Factor H During Formation of Lipid-Rich Deposits.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Peripheral versus central nervous system APOE in Alzheimer's disease: Interplay across the blood-brain barrier.Neuroscience letters · 2019Review
- Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins Involved in Autoimmune Cirrhosis and Normal Serum by iTRAQ Proteomics.Proteomics. Clinical applications · 2019Article
- The Associations Between Cognitive Prognosis and Kynurenines Are Modified by the Apolipoprotein ε4 Allele Variant in Patients With Dementia.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2019Article
- Apolipoprotein E deficiency accelerates atherosclerosis development in miniature pigs.Disease models & mechanisms · 2018Article
- Cell-specific production, secretion, and function of apolipoprotein E.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2018Review
- Complement Factor H and Apolipoprotein E Participate in Regulation of Inflammation in THP-1 Macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The apoE production by tissue macrophages is crucial for the prevention of atherosclerosis and the aim of this study was to further elucidate how this apolipoprotein is regulated by cytokines present during inflammation. Here we studied apoE production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and analysis was made with a newly developed apoE ELISpot assay. In PBMC, apoE secretion was restricted to monocytes with classical (CD14(++)CD16(-)) and intermediate (CD14(+)CD16(+)) monocytes being the main producers. As earlier described for macrophages, production was strongly upregulated by TGF-β and downregulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β. We could here show that a similar down-regulatory effect was also observed with the type I interferon, IFN-α, while IL-6, often regarded as one of the more prominent inflammatory cytokines, did not affect TGF-β-induced apoE production. The TNF-α inhibitor Enbrel could partly block the down-regulatory effect of IFN-γ, IFN-α and IL-1β, indicating that inhibition of apoE by these cytokines may be dependent on or synergize with TNF-α. Other cytokines tested, IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A and IL-23, had no inhibitory effect on apoE production. In contrast to the effect on monocytes, apoE production by primary hepatocytes and the hepatoma cell line HepG2 was more or less unaffected by treatment with cytokines or LPS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.