ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2014
Differences in anterior cruciate ligament elasticity and force for knee flexion in women: oral contraceptive users versus non-oral contraceptive users.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond birth control: how oral contraceptives impact skeletal muscle health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Pooled it
- The Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Exercise Performance in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Pooled it
- The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Exercise Performance in Eumenorrheic Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Pooled it
- The hormonal profile in women using combined monophasic oral contraceptive pills varies across the pill cycle: a temporal analysis of serum endogenous and exogenous hormones using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopy.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Response to Mechanical Properties and Physiological Challenges of Fascia: Diagnosis and Rehabilitative Therapeutic Intervention for Myofascial System Disorders.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Effects of orally administered hormonal contraceptives on the musculoskeletal system of healthy premenopausal women-A systematic review.Health science reports · 2022Review
- Menstrual Cycle Changes Joint Laxity in Females-Differences between Eumenorrhea and Oligomenorrhea.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- The Specificities of Elite Female Athletes: A Multidisciplinary Approach.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Relationship Between Anterior Knee Laxity and General Joint Laxity During the Menstrual Cycle.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2021Article
- Neuromuscular performance changes throughout the menstrual cycle in physically active females.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2020Article
- Effect of Oral Contraceptives on Soft Tissue Injury Risk, Soft Tissue Laxity, and Muscle Strength: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2019Review
- Preoperative laxity in ACL-deficient knees increases with posterior tibial slope and medial meniscal tears.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2019Article
- The influence of ovulation on postural stability (Biodex Balance System) in young female.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2018Article
- Differences Between Men and Women in Balance and Tremor in Relation to Plantar Fascia Laxity During the Menstrual Cycle.Journal of athletic training · 2018Article
- Constant performance in balance and proprioception tests across the menstrual cycle - a pilot study in well trained female ice hockey players on hormonal contraception.Health science reports · 2018Article
- Hormone receptor expression in human fascial tissue.European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2016Article
- Changes in Knee Laxity and Relaxin Receptor Isoforms Expression (RXFP1/RXFP2) in the Knee throughout Estrous Cycle Phases in Rodents.PloS one · 2016Article
- Painful connections: densification versus fibrosis of fascia.Current pain and headache reports · 2014Review
- Effects of the menstrual cycle on lower-limb biomechanics, neuromuscular control, and anterior cruciate ligament injury risk: a systematic review.Muscles, ligaments and tendons journalReview
- Sexual dimorphism in knee osteoarthritis: Biomechanical variances and biological influences.Journal of orthopaedicsReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Eighty-two percent of sexually active women aged 15-44 have used oral contraceptive pills (OCP) in the United States. The OCP, an exogenous source of synthetic forms of steroid hormones, prevents ovulation. Hormone changes during the menstrual cycle (MC) are believed to have an impact on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) laxity due to estrogen. Because the estrogen receptor β resides on human connective tissue, OCP may have potential impact on tendon and ligament synthesis, structure, and biomechanical properties. Temperature has also been known to have an effect on tissue elasticity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in ACL elasticity, force to flex the knee (FFK), and knee flexion-extension hysteresis (KFEH) between OCP users and non-OCP users. To investigate these changes, two different knee temperatures were measured. Nineteen young females were divided into two groups: OCP users and non-OCP users. Blood for estradiol serum concentration (E2) was taken before beginning the tests. ACL elasticity, FFK, and KFEH were assessed both at ambient temperature (22 °C) and after 38 °C warming of the leg to stabilize tissue temperature. Assessments were performed four times during the MC. Throughout the MC, ACL elasticity, FFK, and KFEH fluctuated in non-OCP users, but not in OCP users. At ambient temperature, ACL elasticity was significantly lower and FFK and KFEH were significantly higher in OCP users than non-OCP users (p < 0.05). But, no significant differences in FFK and KFEH between the two groups were found after warming to 38 °C.
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Registered trials
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