ArticleCell host & microbe2013
Innate and adaptive immunity interact to quench microbiome flagellar motility in the gut.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 220 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
220 citing papers in PubMed, 378 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cervicovaginal microbiome and natural history of HPV in a longitudinal study.PLoS pathogens · 2020Trial
- High thrombin activity associated with crohn's disease induces microbiota pathogenicity contributing to mucosal inflammation.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Predicting functions of uncharacterized gene products from microbial communities.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Decoding the gut microbiota-immune dialogue: from bidirectional axis to therapeutic applications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Adaptation to a host-associated lifestyle is associated with convergent loss of flagella-related genes in Pseudomonadota.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Emergent spatial structure in the gut microbiota is driven by bacterial growth and gut contractions.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota-Non-Coding RNA Axis in Immune Modulation and Disease: From Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Composition of microbiota from chicken caecal mucosa considerably differs from microbiota in the caecal lumen.Animal microbiome · 2026Article
- FOXP3 Stability-Adaptation Paradox: Reshaping Treg-Based Therapies for Intestinal Diseases.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- From high-salt diet to cancer immunity: gut microbiota and immune system interactions and their mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Coexist or eliminate? Antibody-based functional silencing versus eradication in gut microbiome- targeted therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Balancing harm and harmony: Evolutionary dynamics between gut microbiota-derived flagellin and TLR5-mediated host immunity and metabolism.Virulence · 2025Review
- Integrated multi-omics highlights alterations of gut microbiome functions in prodromal and idiopathic Parkinson's disease.Microbiome · 2025Article
- A systems approach for elucidating the role of the microbiome in epigenetic cellular memory.mSystems · 2025Review
- Article
- Breast milk IgG engages the mouse neonatal immune system to instruct responses to gut antigens.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Fluid flow generates bacterial conjugation hot spots by increasing the rate of shear-driven cell-cell encounters.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Crosstalk of immunity and metabolism: interaction of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and gut microbiota.Acta diabetologica · 2025Review
- Article
- Flagellin sensing, signaling, and immune responses in plants.Plant communications · 2025Review
160 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gut mucosal barrier breakdown and inflammation have been associated with high levels of flagellin, the principal bacterial flagellar protein. Although several gut commensals can produce flagella, flagellin levels are low in the healthy gut, suggesting the existence of control mechanisms. We find that mice lacking the flagellin receptor Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) exhibit a profound loss of flagellin-specific immunoglobulins (Igs) despite higher total Ig levels in the gut. Ribotyping of IgA-coated cecal microbiota showed Proteobacteria evading antibody coating in the TLR5(-/-) gut. A diversity of microbiome members overexpressed flagellar genes in the TLR5(-/-) host. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes penetrated small intestinal villi, and flagellated bacteria breached the colonic mucosal barrier. In vitro, flagellin-specific Ig inhibited bacterial motility and downregulated flagellar gene expression. Thus, innate-immunity-directed development of flagellin-specific adaptive immune responses can modulate the microbiome's production of flagella in a three-way interaction that helps to maintain mucosal barrier integrity and homeostasis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.