Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24231201›Full record

SynthesisBiological psychiatry2014

Effects of methylphenidate on cognitive functions in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: evidence from a systematic review and a meta-analysis.

David R Coghill, Sarah Seth, Sara Pedroso, Tatiana Usala, John Currie, Antonella Gagliano

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Biological psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04964427 (The Effects of Methylphenidate), which is not on this map. Cited by 115 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
115citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04964427 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

The Effects of Methylphenidate (MPH) and Non-invasive Brain Stimulation (tDCS) on Inhibitory Control Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

TypeinterventionalSponsorBambino Gesù Hospital and Research InstituteRan2021 to 2022Enrolled26ConditionsAttention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderArmsMethylphenidate, anodal tDCS, sham tDCS
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

115 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

David R CoghillDivision of Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital. Electronic address: d.r.coghill@dundee.ac.uk.
Sarah SethDivision of Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital; National Health Service Tayside, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Dundee, United Kingdom.
Sara PedrosoDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Tatiana UsalaUMEE (Unità Multidisciplinare per l'età evolutiva) ASUR , Jesi.
John CurrieDivision of Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital.
Antonella GaglianoDepartment of Pediatric Science, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, Messina, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with a broad range of neuropsychological impairments. The relationship between these neuropsychological deficits and the defining symptoms of ADHD seems more complex than originally thought. Methylphenidate (MPH) is an effective treatment for ADHD symptoms, but its impact on cognition is less clearly understood.

methodsWith a common systematic search strategy and a rigorous coding and data extraction strategy across domains, we searched electronic databases to identify published placebo controlled trials that compared MPH and placebo on executive and nonexecutive memory, reaction time, reaction time variability and response inhibition in children and adolescents (5-18 years) with a formal diagnosis of ADHD.

resultsSixty studies were included in the review, of which 36 contained sufficient data for meta-analysis. Methylphenidate was superior to placebo in all five meta-analyses: executive memory, standardized mean difference (SMD) .26, 95% confidence interval (CI): -.39 to -.13; non-executive memory, SMD .60, 95% CI: -.79 to -.41; reaction time, SMD .24, 95% CI: -.33 to -.15; reaction time variability, SMD .62, 95% CI: -.90 to -.34; response inhibition, SMD .41, 95% CI: -.55 to -.27.

conclusionsThese data support the potentially important effects of MPH on various aspects of cognition known to be associated with ADHD. Consideration should be given to adding cognitive outcomes to the assessment of treatment outcome in ADHD, considering the complexity of the relationship between ADHD symptoms and cognition.

Indexed as

Age FactorsAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityCentral Nervous System StimulantsCognition DisordersMethylphenidateNeuropsychological TestsCentral Nervous System StimulantsMethylphenidateADHDcognitioninhibitionmemorymeta-analysismethylphenidateneuropsychologysystematic review

Identifiers

PMID24231201

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.