ReviewCritical care (London, England)2013
Pathophysiology of endotoxin tolerance: mechanisms and clinical consequences.
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The immunosuppressive face of sepsis early on intensive care unit-A large-scale microarray meta-analysis.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- Influence of Probiotics Administration Before Liver Resection in Patients with Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.World journal of surgery · 2022Trial
- Mismatch between circulating cytokines and spontaneous cytokine production by leukocytes in hyperinflammatory COVID-19.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2021Trial
- Concurrent Immune Suppression and Hyperinflammation in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Mitochondrial DAMPs induce endotoxin tolerance in human monocytes: an observation in patients with myocardial infarction.PloS one · 2014Trial
- The case for exploring innate memory in Plasmodium infection.Current opinion in microbiology · 2026Review
- Steroid hormone ouabain cooperates with NaActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Local Immunometabolic Intervention With Alanyl-Glutamine Resolves Peritoneal Dialysis-Induced Immune Cell Dysfunction.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Marine Lectins in Innate Immune Modulation: Mechanistic Insights, Signaling Pathways, and a Cross-Taxa Evidence Landscape.Marine drugs · 2026Review
- Differential disease tolerance mediates sex-biased illness severity in sepsis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Sputum from Individuals with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Drives M2-like Macrophage Polarization.Lung · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in sepsis-induced immunoparalysis: from immune-cell metabolic reprogramming to clinical biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The structure and functions of TRAF families and recent advances of TRAFs in leukemia.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Endotoxin Tolerance Impinges on T Cell Activation and Chemoattraction in Autoimmune Diabetes.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- The Dual Role of Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Context-Dependent Framework.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- SPI1 upregulated LILRB2 to enhance the immunosuppressive phenotype of LPS-tolerant macrophages by inhibiting TLR8-mediated MyD88/NF-κB signaling.Biology direct · 2025Article
- Sublethal systemic LPS in mice enables gut-luminal pathogens to bloom through oxygen species-mediated microbiota inhibition.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Non-coding RNA Networks in Infection.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Long-term hyperglycaemia exerts contrasting effects on M1- and M2-like macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Innate immune memory in chronic HIV and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): potential mechanisms and clinical implications.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endotoxin tolerance was first described in a study that exposed animals to a sublethal dose of bacterial endotoxin. The animals subsequently survived a lethal injection of endotoxin. This refractory state is associated with the innate immune system and, in particular, with monocytes and macrophages, which act as the main participants. Several mechanisms are involved in the control of endotoxin tolerance; however, a full understanding of this phenomenon remains elusive. A number of recent reports indicate that clinical examples of endotoxin tolerance include not only sepsis but also diseases such as cystic fibrosis and acute coronary syndrome. In these pathologies, the risk of new infections correlates with a refractory state. This review integrates the molecular basis and clinical implications of endotoxin tolerance in various pathologies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.