ArticleRambam Maimonides medical journal2013
Neonatal pain in very preterm infants: long-term effects on brain, neurodevelopment and pain reactivity.
Article in Rambam Maimonides medical journal, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04560374 (The Effect of Using Crochet Octopus in Reducing The Pain Developed During The Process of Heel Lance İn Neonates), which is not on this map. Cited by 96 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Using Crochet Octopus in Reducing The Pain Developed During The Process of Heel Lance İn Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Study
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 350 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sucrose or glucose compared to breast milk for pain control in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical rating scales for assessing pain in newborn infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Assessment of cortisol as a neonatal pain biomarker in the application of non-pharmacological analgesia therapies: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Analgesia for retinopathy of prematurity screening: A systematic review.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A global perspective on parental stress in the neonatal intensive care unit: a meta-analytic study.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2020Pooled it
- Decreased amygdala volume in adults after premature birth.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Comparison of facilitated tucking and oral dextrose in reducing the pain of heel stick in preterm infants: a randomized clinical trial.BMC pediatrics · 2020Trial
- Early Childhood Emotional, Relational, and Stress-Related Outcomes Following Infant Cardiac Surgery.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Article
- Analgosedation in Neonatal Intensive Care: Current Strategies, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Parental experience and professional training shape the perception of comfort and discomfort in preterm and term newborns.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Influence of skin to skin contact on cardiac indices and cerebral perfusion-oxygenation in severely asphyxiated infants.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Subclinical but significant: A multi-informant comparative study on early socio-emotional difficulties in preterm preschoolers.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- Pain, Opioids, and Functional Connectivity in Preterm Infants.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Case Report: Subcutaneous sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy in a 510-g preterm infant with hyperglycemia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Challenges and limitations of evaluating the efficacy of music intervention for preterm infants: auditory development, methodological heterogeneity, medical complexity, parental involvement and environmental barriers.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Neonatal unit (NU) Infant Medical Trauma and the lifelong implications for children and their families.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Parental perception of pain in premature babies in neonatal intensive care unit: a qualitative study.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- Neonatal pain experience and pain sensitivity trajectories in preterm infants: A longitudinal study of flexion withdrawal reflex thresholds over the first two years of age.The journal of pain · 2025Article
- Prematurity and Epigenetic Regulation ofBiomedicines · 2025Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Effects of early life psychosocial adversity have received a great deal of attention, such as maternal separation in experimental animal models and abuse/neglect in young humans. More recently, long-term effects of the physical stress of repetitive procedural pain have begun to be addressed in infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care. Preterm infants are more sensitive to pain and stress, which cannot be distinguished in neonates. The focus of this review is clinical studies of long-term effects of repeated procedural pain-related stress in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in relation to brain development, neurodevelopment, programming of stress systems, and later pain sensitivity in infants born very preterm (24-32 weeks' gestational age). Neonatal pain exposure has been quantified as the number of invasive and/or skin-breaking procedures during hospitalization in the NICU. Emerging studies provide convincing clinical evidence for an adverse impact of neonatal pain/stress in infants at a time of physiological immaturity, rapidly developing brain microstructure and networks, as well as programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Currently it appears that early pain/stress may influence the developing brain and thereby neurodevelopment and stress-sensitive behaviors, particularly in the most immature neonates. However, there is no evidence for greater prevalence of pain syndromes compared to children and adults born healthy at full term. In addressing associations between pain/stress and outcomes, careful consideration of confounding clinical factors related to prematurity is essential. The need for pain management for humanitarian care is widely advocated. Non-pharmacological interventions to help parents reduce their infant's stress may be brain-protective.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.