ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
The kinetics of myelin antigen uptake by myeloid cells in the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and practices of immunofluorescent cell image processing: a systematic review.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Brd4 expression in CD4 T cells and in microglia promotes neuroinflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Regnase-1 in cDC1 controls T cell priming and shapes the dynamics of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Cystatin F attenuates neuroinflammation and demyelination following murine coronavirus infection of the central nervous system.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Galectin-3 Plays a Role in Neuroinflammation in the Visual Pathway in Experimental Optic Neuritis.Cells · 2024Article
- Targeting Vascular Impairment, Neuroinflammation, and Oxidative Stress Dynamics with Whole-Body Cryotherapy in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Effect of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide on the Microglia Phenotype in Rats with Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis.Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis · 2023Article
- Novel Microglia-based Therapeutic Approaches to Neurodegenerative Disorders.Neuroscience bulletin · 2023Review
- Fc multimers effectively treat murine models of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Microglia and monocytes in inflammatory CNS disease: integrating phenotype and function.Acta neuropathologica · 2022Review
- Technical choices significantly alter the adaptive immune response against immunocompetent murine gliomas in a model-dependent manner.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2021Article
- Pik3c3 deficiency in myeloid cells imparts partial resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis associated with reduced IL-1β production.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2021Article
- Smek1 deficiency exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by activating proinflammatory microglia and suppressing the IDO1-AhR pathway.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Uncovering sex differences of rodent microglia.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Review
- Disulfide High-Mobility Group Box 1 Drives Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Human Liver Transplantation.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2021Article
- Neuregulin-1 beta 1 is implicated in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2021Article
- The Role of Distinct Subsets of Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of MS and the Impact of Different Therapeutic Agents on These Populations.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Microglial Nox2 Plays a Key Role in the Pathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Guanabenz modulates microglia and macrophages during demyelination.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in susceptible animals requires reactivation of encephalitogenic CD4(+) T cells by APCs in the CNS. However, it has remained unresolved from where APCs in the CNS acquire myelin Ag for T cell activation and under which conditions, that is, whether only during EAE or also in the naive CNS. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of myelin Ag uptake by CNS APCs during EAE and in the naive CNS. Our results show that during EAE CX3CR1(+)CD11b(+) microglia were the first APCs in the CNS to contain myelin Ag upon induction of disease, albeit in very small numbers. Dendritic cells (DCs) arrived in the CNS in sizable numbers significantly later (day 5 postimmunization), without detectable myelin Ag, but acquired it by day 7 postimmunization. Furthermore, a sharp increase in neuroantigen-containing DCs coincided with the onset of EAE symptoms. Importantly, in naive mice a low but consistent number of microglia contained myelin Ag, suggesting release by oligodendrocytes under steady state conditions. Although microglia isolated from naive brain and spinal cord did not elicit a strong CD4(+) T cell response in vitro, myelin Ag-containing microglia may still play a local role in modulating encephalitogenic CD4(+) T cell responses in early EAE prior to the arrival of other professional APCs, such as DCs. Finally, newly arriving DCs in the CNS not yet loaded with myelin Ag before the onset of EAE may be a potential therapeutic target.
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