ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2014
Simultaneous detection of antibodies against Apx toxins ApxI, ApxII, ApxIII, and ApxIV in pigs with known and unknown Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae exposure using a multiplexing liquid array platform.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serological Findings in Pigs Vaccinated AgainstVeterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Novel Soluble apxIVA-Truncated Protein and Its Application to Rapid Detection and Distinction ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Explorative Field Study on the Use of Oral Fluids for the Surveillance ofVeterinary sciences · 2022Article
- A CRISPR/Cas12a-assisted rapid detection platform by biosensing theFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Development and Evaluation of a New Triplex Immunoassay That Detects Group AJournal of clinical microbiology · 2020Article
- Development ofJournal of veterinary science · 2019Article
- "Pathotyping" Multiplex PCR Assay for Haemophilus parasuis: a Tool for Prediction of Virulence.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2017Article
- Detection ofJournal of veterinary research · 2017Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Surveillance for the presence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection in a population plays a central role in controlling the disease. In this study, a 4-plex fluorescent microbead-based immunoassay (FMIA), developed for the simultaneous detection of IgG antibodies to repeat-in-toxin (RTX) toxins (ApxI, ApxII, ApxIII, and ApxIV) of A. pleuropneumoniae, was evaluated using (i) blood serum samples from pigs experimentally infected with each of the 15 known A. pleuropneumoniae serovars or with Actinobacillus suis, (ii) blood serum samples from pigs vaccinated with a bacterin containing A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 1, 3, 5, or 7, and (iii) blood serum samples from pigs with an unknown A. pleuropneumoniae exposure status. The results were compared to those obtained in a previous study where a dual-plate complement fixation test (CFT) and three commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were conducted on the same sample set. On samples from experimentally infected pigs, the 4-plex Apx FMIA detected specific seroconversion to Apx toxins as early as 7 days postinfection in a total of 29 pigs inoculated with 14 of the 15 A. pleuropneumoniae serovars. Seroconversion to ApxII and ApxIII was detected by FMIA in pigs inoculated with A. suis. The vaccinated pigs showed poor humoral responses against ApxI, ApxII, ApxIII, and ApxIV. In the field samples, the humoral response to ApxIV and the A. pleuropneumoniae seroprevalence increased with age. This novel FMIA (with a sensitivity of 82.7% and a specificity of 100% for the anti-ApxIV antibody) was found to be more sensitive and accurate than current tests (sensitivities, 9.5 to 56%; specificity, 100%) and is potentially an improved tool for the surveillance of disease and for monitoring vaccination compliance.
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