ArticlePloS one2013
Predictors of diabetic foot and leg ulcers in a developing country with a rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prediction of Factors Influencing the Incidence of Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using Classical Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches: A Systematic Review.International wound journal · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and associated factors of foot ulcer among diabetic patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2020Pooled it
- Socioeconomic predictors of diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Early intervention and care for Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Low and Middle Income Countries: Addressing challenges and exploring future strategies: A narrative review.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Clinic-mycological spectrum ofCurrent medical mycology · 2023Article
- Prescription auditing and assessment of medication adherence patterns in patients with diabetic foot ulcer.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2023Article
- Evaluating Classification Systems of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Severity: A 12-Year Retrospective Study on Factors Impacting Survival.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Scoping Review of Footwear Worn by People With Diabetes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Implications for Ulcer Prevention Programs.Global health, science and practice · 2023Article
- Foot Problems and Their Associations with Toe Grip Strength and Walking Speed in Community-Dwelling Older Individuals Using Day Services: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2023Article
- Assessing the vibration perception threshold in a community sample of adult Ghanaians.PloS one · 2023Article
- Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Foot Ulcers in Diabetic Patients.Journal of diabetes research · 2023Article
- Role of animal models in biomedical research: a review.Laboratory animal research · 2022Review
- Knowledge and practice of diabetic foot care and the prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers among diabetic patients of selected hospitals in the Volta Region, Ghana.International wound journal · 2022Article
- Leg Ulcers: A Report in Patients with Hemoglobin E Beta Thalassemia and Review of the Literature in Severe Beta Thalassemia.Acta haematologica · 2022Review
- Predictors of Foot Ulcers Among Diabetic Patients at a Tertiary Care Center, Egypt.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2021Article
- Foot care knowledge, attitudes and practices among patients with diabetic foot and amputation in St. Kitts and Nevis.International wound journal · 2020Article
- Risk of diabetic foot ulcer and its associated factors among Bangladeshi subjects: a multicentric cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2020Observational
- Case-Control Study of Risk Factors and Self-Care Behaviors of Foot Ulceration in Diabetic Patients Attending Primary Healthcare Services in Palestine.Journal of diabetes research · 2020Article
- Incidence and Risk Factors of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Population-Based Diabetic Foot Cohort (ADFC Study)-Two-Year Follow-Up Study.International journal of endocrinology · 2018Article
- Biomaterials-enabled cornea regeneration in patients at high risk for rejection of donor tissue transplantation.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo identify the socio demographic, life style and foot examination related predictors of diabetic foot and leg ulcers with a view to develop a screening tool appropriate for the use in an outpatient setting. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThis cross sectional study included type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients; 88 subjects with leg and foot ulcers and 80 non ulcer controls. Socio demographic data and life style factors were documented. Foot was examined for skin changes and structural abnormalities. Distal peripheral neuropathy was assessed by pressure sense, vibration sense and joint position sense. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression was used to determine the significant predictors in screening for foot ulcers.
resultsEducation of grade 6 and below (OR--1.41, 95% CI; 1.03-4.68), low income (OR--23.3, 95% CI; 1.5-34.0), impaired vibration sense (OR--24.79, 95% CI; 9.3-66.2), abnormal monofilament test on first (OR--1.69, 95% CI; 1.36-16.6), third (OR--3.4, 95% CI; 1.1-10.6) and fifth (OR--1.8, 95% CI; 1.61-12.6) toes are found to be predictors of increased risk whereas incidental diagnosis of DM (OR--0.03, 95% CI; 0.003-0.28), wearing covered shoes (OR--0.003, 95% CI; 0.00-0.28), presence of normal skin color (OR--0.01, 95% CI; 0.001-0.14) and normal monofilament test on first metatarsal head (OR--0.10, 95% CI; 0.00-0.67) are protective factors for ulcers.
conclusionsTen independent risk and protective factors identified in this study are proposed as a simple screening tool to predict the risk of developing leg and foot ulcers in patients with DM.
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Registered trials
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