ArticleRespiratory research2013
Budesonide and formoterol effects on rhinovirus replication and epithelial cell cytokine responses.
Article in Respiratory research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rhinovirus-Induced Cytokine Alterations With Potential Implications in Asthma Exacerbations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Inhaled corticosteroids and COVID-19: a systematic review and clinical perspective.The European respiratory journal · 2020Pooled it
- Decreased expression of type I (IFN-β) and type III (IFN-λ) interferons and interferon-stimulated genes in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Trial
- Crosstalk between airway epithelial cells and mast cells in airway inflammation.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- Drugs Used in the Treatment of Viral Infections for the Prevention of Airway Remodeling in Asthma.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Review
- Update on the Role of β2AR and TRPV1 in Respiratory Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Is using inhaled corticosteroid effective against COVID-19 pneumonia severity and mortality?Tuberkuloz ve toraks · 2024Observational
- Efficacy of budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder in treating viral pneumonia in children.World journal of clinical cases · 2024Article
- The airway epithelium: an orchestrator of inflammation, a key structural barrier and a therapeutic target in severe asthma.The European respiratory journal · 2024Review
- High frequencies of nonviral colds and respiratory bacteria colonization among children in rural Western Uganda.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Effects of treatment with corticosteroids on human rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations in pediatric inpatients: a prospective observational study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Observational
- Pulmonary surfactant as a versatile biomaterial to fight COVID-19.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2022Review
- Asthma and COVID-19: a dangerous liaison?Asthma research and practice · 2021Review
- Beneficial Immunomodulatory Effects of Fluticasone Propionate inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Effect of budesonide combined with salbutamol nebulization on pulmonary function and serum immune factors in children with bronchiolitis.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- Inhibition of Virus-Induced Cytokine Production from Airway Epithelial Cells by the Late Addition of Budesonide.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Article
- Identification of a Novel Inhibitor of Human Rhinovirus Replication and Inflammation in Airway Epithelial Cells.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2019Article
- Asthma exacerbations in a subtropical area and the role of respiratory viruses: a cross-sectional study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2018Article
- Adrenergic Signaling at the Interface of Allergic Asthma and Viral Infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Effects of Allergic Sensitization on Antiviral Immunity: Allergen, Virus, and Host Cell Mechanisms.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCombination therapy with budesonide and formoterol reduces exacerbations of asthma, which are closely associated with human rhinovirus (RV) infections in both children and adults. These data suggest that budesonide and formoterol inhibit virus-induced inflammatory responses of airway epithelial cells.
methodsTo test this hypothesis, bronchial epithelial (BE) cells were obtained from airway brushings of 8 subjects with moderate-to-severe allergic asthma and 9 with neither asthma nor respiratory allergies. Cultured BE cells were incubated for 24 hours with budesonide (1.77 µM), formoterol (0.1 µM), both, or neither, and then inoculated with RV-16 (5×10(6) plaque forming units [PFU]/mL). After 24 hours, viral replication (RV RNA), cytokine secretion (CXCL8, CXCL10, TNFa, IFN-ß, IL-28) and mRNA expression (CXCL8, CXCL10, TNF, IFNB1, IL-28) were analyzed.
resultsRV infection induced CXCL10 protein secretion and IFNB1 and IL28 mRNA expression. Drug treatments significantly inhibited secretion of CXCL10 in mock-infected, but not RV-infected, BE cells, and inhibited secretion of TNFa under both conditions. Neither budesonide nor formoterol, alone or in combination, significantly affected viral replication, nor did they inhibit RV-induced upregulation of IFNB1 and IL28 mRNA. Overall, RV replication was positively related to CXCL10 secretion and induction of IFNB1 and IL28 mRNA, but the positive relationship between RV RNA and CXCL10 secretion was stronger in normal subjects than in subjects with asthma.
conclusionsBudesonide and formoterol can inhibit BE cell inflammatory responses in vitro without interfering with viral replication or production of interferons. These effects could potentially contribute to beneficial effects of budesonide/formoterol combination therapy in preventing RV-induced asthma exacerbations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.